Optical disk reproducing device selectively using a channel bit frequency or a frequency that is half of the channel bit frequency

ABSTRACT

A data demodulation process rate is varied according to a reproduction state, thereby reducing power consumption while maintaining a reading performance in a favorable state. A channel rate process data demodulation device performs a data demodulation process by employing channel bit frequency. Further, a half rate process data demodulation device performs a data demodulation process by employing frequency half as high as the channel bit frequency. These devices demodulate digital data from an optical recording medium. A process rate switching device switches a process rate at data demodulation, whereby demodulation is performed by switching between the data demodulation devices according to a quality of a reproduction signal, so as to reproduce the digital data recorded on the optical recording medium.

This application is a divisional application of application Ser. No.10/275,536 filed on Nov. 7, 2002, which is a U.S. National Stageapplication of International Application No. PCT/JP2002/02177, filedMar. 8, 2002.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to an optical disk reproducing device forreproducing digital data recorded on an optical disk medium and, moreparticularly, to an improved optical disk reproducing device adopting adigital data demodulation means which employs a PRML (Partial ResponseMaximum Likelihood) signal process system that is effective inhigh-density recording/reproduction in the linear direction. Theimproved optical disk reproducing device is able to reduce powerconsumption for high multiple speed reproduction, and maintain a qualityof digital demodulation data and a reading performance in reproductionat an unfavorable tilt and signal-noise ratio under adverse conditionsthat a defect or the like is frequently generated.

BACKGROUND ART

As a method for recording digital data in an optical disk medium, thereis often employed a method in which the linear velocity is kept constantso that a recording density on the recording medium is made uniform, asadopted for a compact disk (hereinafter, abbreviated as a “CD”) or a DVD(Digital Versatile Disk). When digital data is reproduced with respectto an optical disk reproduction signal which is subjected to mark widthmodulation, and digitally modulated and recorded so that a linearrecording density is constant, a phase of a clock componentcorresponding to a channel bit frequency of the reproduction signal isdetected, to construct a phase locked loop, thereby performing phasesynchronous pull-in.

At this time, when the frequency of the clock component of thereproduction signal is vastly different from a frequency of a clockwhich is generated by the phase locked loop, it is highly likely thatthe phase synchronous pull-in is not completed or at pseudo pull-in to afrequency that is different from a frequency to be pulled in isperformed. To avoid these problems, a reproduction linear velocity cycleis detected from a specific pulse length or pulse interval included inthe reproduction signal, and a disk rotational speed or free-runningfrequency of the phase locked loop is controlled on the basis of thedetected reproduction linear velocity cycle, whereby normal phasesynchronous pull-in can be performed.

Conventionally, for example, there is a disk reproduction system asshown in FIG. 27, that enables normal phase synchronous pull-in. In thisconventional optical disk reproducing device, digital recording codes asshown in FIG. 28( a) are recorded on an optical recording medium 50 suchas an optical disk so as to have a constant linear recording density. Itis assumed, for example, that recorded data is data in which the numberof continuous pieces of data “0” or data “1” is restricted to be 3 to 14as in an 8-16 modulation system. As shown in FIG. 28( a), a signalobtained by reproduction by means of a reproduction means 51, such as anoptical pickup, has an amplitude attenuated due to greater interferencefor a higher frequency component, with an increase in a recordingdensity of the recorded data in the linear direction. Therefore, thissignal is amplified by a not-shown preamplifier and, thereafter,corrected so that a high frequency component is emphasized, by awaveform equalization means 2.

The high-frequency-emphasized reproduction signal as shown in FIG. 28(b) is sampled into a multi-bit digital signal by an analog/digitalconverter 3, which is a means for converting an analog signal into adigital signal by employing a reproduction clock generated by a VCO(Voltage Controlled Oscillator) 62. At this time, when a phase of thereproduction clock is synchronized with a phase of a clock component ofthe reproduction signal, sampled data as shown in FIG. 28( c) isobtained. FIG. 28( c) shows sampled data which is suited particularlyfor a Partial Response Maximum Likelihood (hereinafter, abbreviated as a“PRML”) signal process system.

The PRML signal process system is one which applies a partial responsesystem in a reproduction system in which an amplitude of a highfrequency component is deteriorated with an increase in a recordingdensity in the linear recording direction, and thus a signal-noise ratiois increased, and intentionally adds waveform interference to thereproduction system, so as to realize a reproduction system whichrequires no high frequency component, as well as increases the qualityof reproduction data by a maximum likelihood decoding method forestimating the most likely series by probability calculation inconsideration of the waveform interference. The increase in therecording density in the linear recording direction is adopted as one ofthe methods for increasing the recording density when, for example, arecording capacity is increased from a CD to a DVD.

This sampled multi-bit digital signal is inputted to an offsetcorrection means 52, thereby correcting an offset component included ina reproduction digital signal. The reproduction digital signal which isoffset-collected by the offset correction means 52 is subjected topartial response equalization by a transversal filter 53. At this time,by applying partial response equalization, a multi-valued equalizedoutput signal is obtained as shown in FIG. 28( d). A weight coefficientof a tap of the transversal filter 53 is supplied from a tap weightcoefficient setting means 54 by employing an LMS (Least Mean Square;hereinafter, abbreviated as “LMS”) algorithm for minimizing a squaremean value of an equalization error. An output signal from thetransversal filter 53 is demodulated into binarized digital data by aviterbi decoder 55 as a kind of a maximum likelihood decoder.

A phase synchronous reproduction clock when sampling is performed by theanalog/digital converter 3 is controlled as follows.

Initially, a position of crossing the zero level is continuouslydetected from an output signal from the offset correction means 52, asynchronous pattern length in a specific period of one or more frames isdetected by employing output from a zero-crossing length detector 56which counts the number of sampling between neighboring zero-crossingpositions, and a frequency error amount for controlling frequency of thereproduction clock is decided by a frequency error detector 57 whichdetects a cycle of detecting a synchronous pattern.

Phase information of reproduction digital data is detected by a phasecomparator 58 by employing the output signal from the offset correctionmeans 52, and a phase error amount for controlling phase synchronizationbetween the reproduction clock and the reproduction digital data isdecided. An output signal from a frequency control loop filter 59 isconverted into an analog signal by a digital/analog converter 61 b, sothat the frequency is controlled by employing the frequency error amountoutputted from the frequency error detector 57 until an area where thereproduction clock can be synchronized with the reproduction digitalsignal is reached, and a VCO 62 is controller by the output signal fromthe digital/analog converter 61 b. On the other hand, an output signalfrom a phase control loop filter 60 is converted into an analog signalby a digital/analog converter 61 a, so that the reproduction clock issynchronized with the reproduction digital signal by employing the phaseerror amount outputted from the phase comparator 58, and the VCO 62 iscontrolled by the output signal from the digital/analog converter 61 a.Actually, in this prior art example in FIG. 27, the output signal fromthe digital/analog converter 61 b and that from the digital/analogconverter 61 a are added together by an adder 63, an the VCO 62 iscontrolled by a sum signal.

By a series of these operations, the phase of the reproduction clock andthe phase of a clock component of the reproduction digital data can besynchronized with each other and, accordingly, the PRML signal processsystem becomes applicable, whereby digital data recorded on an opticaldisk medium can be reproduced stably and accurately.

The conventional optical disk reproducing device, which is constructedas described above, performs demodulation of digital data by a digitalsignal process in which sampling is performed by an AD converter byemploying a clock which is synchronized with a channel bit frequency asa clock component of a reproduction waveform from the optical disk, andthe PRML process is performed.

At this time, a PLL circuit, an FIR filter, and a viterbi decoder asconstituent elements are processed at a channel bit rate.

However, when digital data demodulation which applies the PRML signalprocess is performed by employing the reproduction clock which issynchronized with the channel bit frequency of the digital data recordedon the recording medium, the frequency of the reproduction clock isincreased at high multiple speed reproduction, that is, at reproductionat a rate higher than a standard reproduction speed for an optical disk,and thus power consumption at a digital circuit is increased dependentlyon that frequency. Further, the highest reproduction multiple speed isrestricted by a bit width in digital operation.

Then, it has been already attempted to perform data demodulation byemploying a reproduction clock which is synchronized with a frequencyhalf as high as the channel bit frequency, thereby reducing powerconsumption at high multiple speed reproduction.

However, in this method, an amount of information relating to a timecomponent after sampling is deteriorated dependently on a reproductionclock of the half frequency, resulting in performance deterioration inthe phase locked loop or the transversal filter as described above.Therefore, when there exists local deterioration in reproductioncharacteristics which depends on a defect generated when thereproduction signal is disturbed due to quality deterioration in thereproduction signal, which depends on the magnitude of a tilt angle thatis defined as an angle between an axis perpendicular to the recordingsurface of the optical disk and an axis of an approaching laser beamwhich is applied from the reproduction means 51 to the recordingsurface, or flaws, dirt, fingerprints or the like on the disk surface,it is impossible to maintain the quality of the digital demodulationdata and the reading performance in a favorable state. Thus, theabove-described method cannot be an effective solution to realize bothreduced power consumption and increased reading performance.

The present invention is made to solve the above-described problems andhas for its object to provide an optical disk reproducing device whichis able to reduce power consumption while maintaining the quality ofdigital demodulation data and reading performance in a favorable state,even when a signal-noise ratio is deteriorated and a quality of areproduction signal is locally deteriorated as well dependently on atilt or a defect.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

To solve the above-mentioned problems, an optical disk reproducingdevice according to the present invention comprises a channel rateprocess data demodulation part for performing a data demodulationprocess by mainly employing a channel bit frequency, as well as a halfrate process data demodulation part for performing a data demodulationprocess by employing a frequency half as high as the channel bitfrequency, which are data demodulation parts for demodulating digitaldata from an optical recording medium on which the data is digitallyrecorded in a form of recording codes having a restriction that at leastthree of the same code continue, and a process rate switching part forswitching a process rate at data demodulation. This optical diskreproducing device switches between the channel rate process datademodulation part and the half rate process data demodulation part bythe process rate switching part according to a data demodulation state,thereby performing digital data demodulation.

The present invention solves the above-described problems with theabove-described function. That is, the quality of the demodulation datais increased by applying a PRML signal process system which is supposedto be advantageous in high-density recording/reproduction, and reducedpower consumption is achieved by varying a data demodulation processrate. Further, the quality of the digital demodulation data and readingperformance can be maintained in a favorable state even when asignal-noise ratio is deteriorated and reproduction characteristics arelocally deteriorated as well dependently on a tilt or defect.

That is, according to a first aspect of the present invention, there isprovided an optical disk reproducing device comprising: a channel rateprocess data demodulation part for performing a process of demodulatingdigital data from an optical recording medium on which the data isdigitally recorded in a form of recording codes having a restrictionthat at least three of the same code continue, by mainly employing achannel bit frequency; a half rate process data demodulation part forperforming process of demodulating the digital data from the opticalrecording medium by employing a frequency half as high as the channelbit frequency; and a process rate switching part for switching a datademodulation part for performing digital data demodulation between thechannel rate process data demodulation part and the half rate processdata demodulation part, thereby switching a process rate at datademodulation. Therefore, a data demodulation process can be performed ata frequency half as high as the channel bit frequency with respect tohigh multiple speed reproduction which unfavorably increases powerconsumption, whereby the power consumption can be reduced almost byhalf.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the opticaldisk reproducing device as defined in the first aspect, the process rateswitching part generates a process rate switching signal so that: thehalf rate process data demodulation part is selected in the case of afavorable data demodulation state; and the channel rate process datademodulation part is selected in the case of a deteriorated datademodulation state. Therefore, a rate for data demodulation process canbe varied according to a reproduction state. Accordingly, the datademodulation is performed by employing a frequency half as high as thechannel bit frequency in a normal state, thereby giving priority overreduction of power consumption, while the data demodulation is performedby employing the channel bit frequency in a state where the datademodulation is difficult, thereby giving priority over the quality ofthe demodulation data.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the optical diskreproducing device as defined in the first aspect, further comprises: apreamplifier for emphasizing an output amplitude of an opticalreproduction signal which is reproduced from the optical recordingmedium; a waveform equalization part for equalizing a waveform of thesignal whose output amplitude is emphasized by the preamplifier, toemphasize a prescribed frequency band; an analog/digital converter forsampling the signal whose waveform is equalized by the waveformequalization part by a reproduction clock to obtain multi-bit digitaldata; a channel rate process phase locked loop part for controlling anoscillation frequency of the reproduction clock so that it issynchronized with a phase of a clock component of a sampling signalwhich is the multi-bit digital data outputted from the analog/digitalconverter; a half rate process phase locked loop part for controllingthe oscillation frequency of the reproduction clock so that it issynchronized with a phase of a clock which is half the clock componentof the sampling signal outputted from the analog/digital converter; aprocess rate variable type transversal filter for performing partialresponse equalization of the sampling signal outputted from theanalog/digital converter; and a half rate process maximum likelihooddecoder for performing data demodulation with respect to an equalizationoutput signal as output from the process rate variable type transversalfilter, according to the type of an applied partial response, in whichoptical disk reproducing device switching is performed between thechannel rate process phase locked loop and the half rate process phaselocked loop according to a process rate switching signal generated fromthe process rate switching part, as well as a process rate of theprocess rate variable type transversal filter is switched. Therefore, amaximum likelihood decoder or the like which theoretically causes nodeterioration in the demodulation performance can perform the process byemploying the frequency half as high as the channel bit frequency at alltimes, thereby requiring no additional provision for a process employingthe channel bit frequency, resulting in suppression of an increase inthe circuit scale. Moreover, when the data demodulation process isperformed by employing the channel bit frequency, reduced powerconsumption is achieved as compared with cases of processing at the samefrequency.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the opticaldisk reproducing device as defined in any of the first to third aspects,the process rate switching part generates the process rate switchingsignal according to whether a reproduction position on the opticalrecording medium is located in an inner circumference or an outercircumference. Therefore, when channel bit frequency at datademodulation differs according to a position in the inner or outercircumference of the disk recording medium, a data process rateaccording to each position can be selected, whereby a difference inpower consumption caused by a reproduction position can be suppressed.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the opticaldisk reproducing device as defined in the fourth aspect, the processrate switching part judges the reproduction position in the inner orouter circumference of the optical recording medium on the basis ofaddress information recorded on the optical recording medium, andgenerates the process rate switching signal according to the judgedposition. Therefore, when the channel bit frequency at data demodulationdiffers according to a position in the inner or outer circumference ofthe disk recording medium, a reproduction position can be accuratelygrasped and power consumption is accurately controlled.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the opticaldisk reproducing device as defined in the fourth aspect, the processrate switching part generates the process rate switching signal so that,when data demodulation is performed with rotation of the opticalrecording medium kept constant; the channel rate process datademodulation part as described in the first aspect is selected for theinner circumference side where the channel frequency is low; and thehalf rate process data demodulation part described in the first aspectis selected for the outer circumference where the channel frequency ishigh. Therefore, reduced power consumption can be achieved. Moreover,even when the demodulation is performed on the outer circumference sidewhere the channel bit frequency is higher, an oscillator having the sameoscillation range as on the inner circumference side may be employed,thereby reducing a burden of designing an oscillator.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the opticaldisk reproducing device as defined in any of the first to third aspects,the process rate switching part has a defect detection part fordetecting a defect which occurs due to a deficiency on the opticalrecording medium, and generates the process rate switching signal sothat the channel rate process data demodulation part described in thefirst aspect is selected when the defect detection part decides thatthere is a defect; and that the half rate process data demodulation partdescribed in the first aspect is selected when the defect detection partdecides that there is no defect. Therefore, even when there exists adefect which makes it difficult to perform data demodulation, phasesynchronization between demodulation data and a reproduction clock canbe maintained in a favorable state or restored, thereby maintaining areading performance favorably.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the opticaldisk reproducing device as defined in the seventh aspect, the processrate switching part: has an amplitude detection part for detectingamplitude information of a reproduction waveform by smoothing, as ajudgement part for judging the presence or absence of the defect, andjudges that there is no defect when an amplitude value detected by theamplitude detection part is equal to or higher than a prescribed level,while judging that there is a defect when the amplitude value is equalto or lower than the prescribed level, thereby generating the processrate switching signal. Therefore, defect information can be accuratelydetected and, thus, switching to a data demodulation process employingthe channel bit frequency is not performed more than required, resultingin reduced power consumption and a stable system.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the opticaldisk reproducing device as defined in the eighth aspect, the processrate switching part has a defect state judgement part for judging adefect state pattern on the basis of the amplitude information detectedby the amplitude detection part, and generates the process rateswitching signal according to the kind of defect information obtained bythe defect state judgement part. Therefore, the data demodulationprocess rate can be controlled with respect to the scale as well as thekind of the defect, and thus a data demodulation process employing thechannel bit frequency can be performed only in case of need, whereby, ascompared with the invention as described in the eighth aspect, powerconsumption is further reduced, and a more stable system is realized.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the opticaldisk reproducing device as defined in the eighth aspect, the processrate switching part has: a defect state judgement part for judging adefect state pattern from the amplitude information detected by theamplitude detection part; and a defect stage distinguishing part fordistinguishing a defect degree which is estimated from a combination ofthe defect state patterns judged by the defect state judgement part,into plural stages, and generates the process rate switching signal sothat the channel rate process data demodulation part described in thefirst aspect is selected for a defect of a stage where the datademodulation is thought to be difficult; and that the half rate processdata demodulation part described in the first aspect is selected forother cases where there is no defect or it is judged that there is asmall degree of defect. Therefore, the data demodulation process ratecan be optimized also with respect to a defect that is formed bycomposition of various elements, whereby, as compared with the inventionas described in the ninth aspect, the power consumption is furtherreduced, and a more stable system is realized.

According to an eleventh aspect of the present invention, in the opticaldisk reproducing device as defined in the eighth aspect, the processrate switching part has: a defect position storage part for storinginformation of a position where the amplitude detection part judges thatthere is a defect, and, when the data demodulation is performed againfor a part where reproduction has been performed once, refers to thedefect information stored in the defect position storage part, andgenerates the process rate switching signal so that the channel rateprocess data demodulation part described in the first aspect is selectedin advance for a part where there is a defect. Therefore, the datademodulation process rate can be previously switched for a part where adefect exists, whereby the accuracy of data demodulation at second orsubsequent times is increased and, thus, the reading performance isstabilized.

According to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, in the opticaldisk reproducing device as defined in the eight aspect, when digitaldata is demodulated from an optical recording medium on which thedigital data are recorded spirally, the process rate switching partgenerates the process rate switching signal so that the channel rateprocess data demodulation part described in the first aspect is selectedfor a position where the amplitude detection part judges that there is adefect, and a predetermined range from that position; and the half rateprocess data demodulation part described in the first aspect is selectedfor other areas. Therefore, since it is highly likely that defects whichare generated by flaws, fingerprints or the like exist on the peripheryof a position where a defect is detected in an optical disk or the likeon which data is spirally recorded, the data demodulation process ispreviously switched to employ the channel bit frequency for a part onthe periphery of the position where the defect is detected, wherebyreproduction which gives priority over the quality of demodulation datacan be performed.

According to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, in theoptical disk reproducing device as defined in the twelfth aspect, theprocess rate switching part generates the process rate switching signalso that the channel rate process data demodulation part is selected whendigital data that exists at the position where the amplitude detectionpart judges that there is a defect, and on one track where there is thedefect, is reproduced; and the half rate process data demodulation partis selected when digital data that exists in other areas is reproduced.Therefore, since it is highly likely that defects which are generated byflaws, fingerprints or the like exist on the periphery of a positionwhere a defect is detected in an optical disk or the like on which datais spirally recorded, a data demodulation process is previously switchedto employ the channel bit frequency for a part on the periphery of theposition where the defect is detected, whereby reproduction which givespriority over the quality of demodulation data can be performed.

According to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention, in theoptical disk reproducing device as defined in the eighth aspect, theprocess rate switching part generates the process rate switching signalso that the half rate process data demodulation part described the firstaspect is selected in a normal reproduction state; the half rate processdata demodulation part is switched to the channel rate process datademodulation part described the first aspect when the amplitudedetection part judges that there is a defect; and thereafter theselection of the channel rate process data demodulation part describedthe first aspect is canceled when it is confirmed that no defect isdetected in a prescribed section. Therefore, the data demodulationprocess rate is not frequently changed, thereby realizing a stablesystem which gives priority over the quality of demodulation data fordefects.

According to a fifteenth aspect of the present invention, in the opticaldisk reproducing device as defined in the fourteenth aspect, the processrate switching part generates the process rate switching signal so thatthe half rate process data demodulation part is selected in a normalreproduction state; the half rate process data demodulation part isswitched to the channel rate process data demodulation part when theamplitude detection part detects a defect of a prescribed length; andthereafter the selection of the channel rate process data demodulationpart is canceled when it is judged that the length of the defect getsshorter than a prescribed length. Therefore, the demodulation processrate can be previously estimated even for a part where reproduction isperformed for the first time, whereby the data demodulation can beperformed smoothly for defects.

According to a sixteenth aspect of the present invention, in the opticaldisk reproducing device as defined in any of the first to third aspects,the process rate switching part has a tilt information detection partfor detecting tilt information indicating a degree of an influence of atilt angle between a perpendicular to the recording surface of theoptical recording medium and an optical axis of a laser beam, exerted ona quality of a reproduction signal according to the magnitude of thetilt angle, and generates the process rate switching signal so that thechannel rate process data demodulation part described the first aspectis selected when it is judged from the tilt information obtained by thetilt information detection part that the tilt angle is large; and thatthe half rate process data demodulation part described the first aspectis selected when it is judged that the tilt angle is small. Therefore,the quality of demodulation data can be maintained in a favorable stateeven when the quality of a reproduction signal is deteriorated by tilt.

According to a seventeenth aspect of the present invention, in theoptical disk reproducing device as defined in a sixteenth aspect, thetilt information detection part receives each filter coefficient valuewhich is learned when an adaptive control is performed so that a squaremean value of an equalization error of the equalization output signalthat is outputted from the process rate variable type transversal filterdescribed in the third aspect has a minimum value, and detects a degreeof deviation in a filter coefficient at a side tap, thereby detectingthe tilt information. Therefore, tilt information is judged accurately,whereby reduced power consumption is achieved while the quality ofdemodulation data is maintained in a favorable state.

According to an eighteenth aspect of the present invention, in theoptical disk reproducing device as defined in the seventeenth aspect,the tilt information detection part judges that the tilt angle is largeunder conditions that, when the filter coefficient at the side tap iscompared with a filter coefficient located symmetrically with respect tothe center tap, a ratio therebetween which is obtained by absolute valueconversion differs by more than a prescribed value. Therefore, the datademodulation process rate can be controlled according to a degree ofdeterioration in a reproduction signal which is caused by tilt, wherebythe data demodulation process employing the channel bit frequency isperformed only in case of need, resulting in reduced power consumptionand a stable system.

According to a nineteenth aspect of the present invention, in theoptical disk reproducing device as defined in any of the first to thirdaspects, the process rate switching part has a jitter informationdetection part for detecting jitter information as an index relating toa phase deviation which is generated when digital data is recorded onthe optical recording medium, and generates the process rate switchingsignal so that the channel rate process data demodulation part describedthe first aspect is selected when it is judged from the jitterinformation obtained by the jitter information detection part thatjitter in a reproduction signal is large, and the half rate process datademodulation part described the first aspect is selected when it isjudged that the jitter is small. Therefore, the quality of demodulationdata can be maintained in a favorable state when the quality of areproduction signal is deteriorated due to large jitter.

According to a twentieth aspect of the present invention, in the opticaldisk reproducing device as defined in the nineteenth aspect, the jitterinformation detection part receives information which is obtained byaveraging absolute values of phase error information employed in thechannel rate process phase locked loop part described in the thirdaspect and the half rate process phase locked loop part described in thethird aspect, in a prescribed period, and judges that the jitter islarge when the averaged information is equal to or higher than aprescribed level, and judges that the jitter is small when the averagedinformation is equal to or lower than the prescribed level. Therefore,jitter information can be judged accurately, whereby power consumptionis reduced while the quality of demodulation data is maintained in afavorable state.

According to a twenty-first aspect of the present invention, in theoptical disk reproducing device as defined in the twentieth aspect, thejitter information detection part receives information which is obtainedby dividing the information obtained by averaging the absolute values ofthe phase error information in the prescribed period, by the amplitudeinformation averaged in the prescribed period, which is obtained by theamplitude detection part described in the eighth aspect, inconsideration of dependence of the jitter information upon an amplitudevalue in a reproduction waveform, and judges that jitter is large whenthe jitter information is equal to or higher than a prescribed level,and judges that the jitter is small when the jitter information is equalto or lower than the prescribed level. Therefore, jitter information canbe accurately judged independently of an amplitude of a reproductionsignal, whereby, as compared with the invention as described in thetwentieth aspect, power consumption is further reduced while the qualityof demodulation data is maintained in a favorable state.

According to a twenty-second aspect of the present invention, in theoptical disk reproducing device as defined in any of the first to thirdaspects, the process rate switching part has a retrial informationdetection part for detecting retrial process information which indicatesa re-reading process for a part where demodulation of data from theoptical recording medium has failed, and generates the process rateswitching signal so that the half rate process data demodulation partdescribed the first aspect is selected in a normal reproduction state;and that the half rate process data demodulation part is switched to thechannel rate process data demodulation part described the first aspectwhen the retrial information detection part judges that a retrialprocess occurs. Therefore, the quality of demodulation data at a partwhere the quality of a reproduction signal is deteriorated so that aretrial process occurs can be maintained in a favorable state.

According to a twenty-third aspect of the present invention, in theoptical disk reproducing device as defined in the twenty-second aspect,the process rate switching part: has a retrial position storage part forstoring information of a position where the retrial process occursaccording to the retrial information detection part, refers to theretrial information stored in the retrial position storage part whendata demodulation is performed again for a position where reproductionhas been performed once, and generates the process rate switching signalso that the channel rate process data demodulation part is selected inadvance for a part where the retrial process has been performed at leastonce. Therefore, the data demodulation process rate can be switchedpreviously for a part where a retrial process has been performed atleast once, whereby the accuracy of data demodulation at second orsubsequent times is increased and a reading performance is stabilized.

According to a twenty-fourth aspect of the present invention, in theoptical disk reproducing device as defined in the twenty-second aspect,the process rate switching part has: the retrial information detectionpart for detecting retrial process information in a data demodulationprocess, and generates the process rate switching signal so that thehalf rate process data demodulation part is selected in a normalreproduction state; that the half rate process data demodulation part isswitched to the channel rate process data demodulation part when theretrial information detection part judges that a retrial process occurs;and thereafter that the selection of the channel rate process datademodulation part is canceled when it is confirmed that no retrialprocess occurs in a prescribed section. Therefore, the data demodulationprocess rate is not frequently changed, thereby realizing a stablesystem which gives priority over the quality of the demodulation datafor a part where the data demodulation is difficult.

According to a twenty-fifth aspect of the present invention, in theoptical disk reproducing device as defined in the twenty-second aspect,the process rate switching part: has the retrial information detectionpart for detecting the retrial process information in a datademodulation process, and a reproduction multiple speed varying part forvarying a reproduction multiple speed; generates the process rateswitching signal so that the half rate process data demodulation part isselected at the highest reproduction multiple speed of this optical diskdevice in a normal reproduction state, and the half rate process datademodulation part is switched to the channel rate process datademodulation part without changing the reproduction multiple speed whenthe retrial information detection part judges that a retrial processoccurs; and thereafter repeats the retrial process up to a prescribednumber of times, and, when data demodulation cannot be performed,further repeats the retrial process up to the prescribed number of timesby reducing the reproduction multiple speed by means of the reproductionmultiple speed varying part, whereby the retrial process is repeateduntil the reproduction multiple speed becomes the lowest reproductionmultiple speed of the optical disk reproducing device. Therefore, thedata demodulation process rate can be switched so that priority is givenover the quality of the demodulation data with respect to a part wherethe data demodulation is difficult, whereby the number of times of theretrial process is reduced.

According to a twenty-sixth aspect of the present invention, in theoptical disk reproducing device as defined in the twenty-second aspect,the process rate switching part: has the retrial information detectionpart for detecting the retrial process information in a datademodulation process, and a reproduction multiple speed varying part forvarying a reproduction multiple speed; and generates the process rateswitching signal so that the half rate process data demodulation part isselected at the highest reproduction multiple speed of this optical diskreproducing device in a normal reproduction state, the retrial processis repeated with reducing the reproduction multiple speed by means ofthe reproduction multiple speed varying part when the retrialinformation detection part judges that the retrial process has beenrepeated up to a prescribed number of times, the reproduction multiplespeed is further reduced to the lowest reproduction multiple speed ofthe optical disk reproducing device when data demodulation cannot beperformed, and the half rate process data demodulation part is switchedto the channel rate process data demodulation part when the retrialprocess does not converge within the prescribed number of times, at thelowest reproduction speed. Therefore, the data demodulation process ratecan be switched so that priority is given over reduction of powerconsumption with respect to a part where the data demodulation isdifficult, whereby the power consumption for the entire retrial processis reduced.

According to a twenty-seventh aspect of the present invention, in theoptical disk reproducing device as defined in the twenty-second aspect,the process rate switching part: has the retrial information detectionpart for detecting the retrial process information in a datademodulation process, and a reproduction multiple speed varying part forvarying a reproduction multiple speed; and generates the process rateswitching signal so that the reproduction multiple speed is increased bythe reproduction multiple speed varying part when it is confirmed thatno retrial process occurs in a prescribed section in a state where thechannel rate process data demodulation part is selected and thereproduction multiple speed does not reach the highest reproductionmultiple speed of the optical disk reproducing device, and the channelrate process data demodulation part is switched to the half rate processdata demodulation part when it is confirmed that no retrial processoccurs in the prescribed section at the highest reproduction multiplespeed. Therefore, when a reproduction multiple speed is lower than thehighest reproduction multiple speed, and a function of performing a datademodulation process employing the channel bit frequency is selected ata retrial process for a part where the data demodulation is difficult, areproduction multiple speed varying process and switching of a datademodulation process rate can be performed so that priority is givenover the quality of the demodulation data, whereby a normal reproductionstate can be restored quickly.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating the construction of a processrate variable type optical disk reproducing device according to a firstembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of frequency characteristics of ahigh-order eq-ripple filter.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating frequency characteristics and MTFcharacteristics of various kinds of partial response systems.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating the construction of a processrate variable type offset correction means 4 according to the firstembodiment.

FIGS. 5( a)-5(c) are explanatory diagrams of a difference between a PR(a, b, b, a) equalization system, which is realized by a process ratevariable transversal filter 5 according to the first embodiment, and atypical binarization judgement system. FIG. 5( a) is a diagramillustrating an output waveform from a waveform equalization means. FIG.5( b) is a diagram illustrating a sampling signal at binarizationjudgement. FIG. 5( c) is a diagram illustrating a PR (a, b, b, a)equalization output signal.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating the construction of the processrate variable type transversal filter 5 according to the firstembodiment.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating the construction of a filtercoefficient learning means 6 according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a principle of operation of a datainterpolation means 7 according to the first embodiment.

FIGS. 9( a) and 9(b) are explanatory diagrams of a principle ofoperation of a channel rate process phase error detection means 8according to the first embodiment. FIG. 9( a) is a diagram illustratinga state where frequency of a reproduction clock is slightly lower than aclock component of reproduction data. FIG. 9( b) is a diagramillustrating a state where phase of the reproduction clock issynchronized with phase of the clock component of reproduction data.

FIGS. 10( a) and (10 b) are explanatory diagrams of a principle ofoperation when a half rate process maximum likelihood decoder 17according to the first embodiment is realized by a viterbi decoder. FIG.10( a) is a diagram illustrating a state transition. FIG. 10( b) is adiagram illustrating a trellis diagram and remaining paths.

FIGS. 11( a) and 11(b) are explanatory diagrams of an operation, at CAVreproduction, of a process rate switching means 14 according to thefirst embodiment. FIG. 11( a) is a diagram illustrating a change ofsampling frequency according to a reproduction position at CAVreproduction in a process employing channel bit frequency. FIG. 11( b)is a diagram illustrating a sampling frequency when a process rate isswitched between an inner circumference and an outer circumference.

FIG. 12 is a block diagram illustrating the construction of a processrate variable type optical disk reproducing device according to a secondembodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 13( a)-13(d) are a block diagram illustrating the construction ofan amplitude detection means 33 according to the second embodiment, aswell as explanatory diagrams of a principle of operation of a processrate switching means 14. FIG. 13( a) is a block diagram illustrating theconstruction of the amplitude detection means. FIG. 13( b) is a diagramillustrating a reproduction signal as input to the amplitude detectionmeans. FIG. 13( c) is a diagram illustrating amplitude information whichis obtained by the amplitude detection means. FIG. 13( d) is a diagramillustrating defect information which is generated from the amplitudeinformation in FIG. 13( c).

FIG. 14 is a block diagram illustrating the construction of a defectjudgement means 34 according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 15 is a block diagram illustrating the construction of a processrate switching means 14 according to the second embodiment.

FIGS. 16( a) and 16(b) are explanatory diagrams of a position ofswitching by a process rate switching means 14 according to the secondembodiment. FIG. 16( a) is a diagram illustrating a case where it isjudged that a defect exists at a position where the defect actuallyexists as well as in an area surrounding that position with a prescribeddistance therefrom. FIG. 16( b) is a diagram illustrating a case whereit is judged that a defect exists at a position where the defectactually exists as well as in the entire recording track where thedefect exists.

FIG. 17 is a flowchart illustrating a method for controlling a processrate switching means 14 according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 18 is a block diagram illustrating the construction of a processrate variable type optical disk reproducing device according to a thirdembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram of a principle of operation of a tiltinformation detection means 43 and a tilt judgement means 44 accordingto the third embodiment.

FIG. 20 is a block diagram illustrating the construction of a processrate variable type optical disk reproducing device according to a fourthembodiment.

FIG. 21 is a block diagram illustrating the construction of a processrate switching means 14 according to the fourth embodiment.

FIG. 22 is a block diagram illustrating the construction of a processrate variable type optical disk reproducing device according to a fifthembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 23 is a block diagram illustrating the construction of a processrate switching means 14 according to the fifth embodiment.

FIG. 24 is a flowchart illustrating a method for controlling a processrate switching means 14 according to the fifth embodiment.

FIG. 25 is a flowchart illustrating a method for controlling a processrate switching means 14 according to the fifth embodiment.

FIG. 26 is a flowchart illustrating a method for controlling a processrate switching means 14 according to the fifth embodiment.

FIG. 27 is a block diagram illustrating the construction of aconventional optical disk reproducing device.

FIGS. 28( a)-28(d) are explanatory diagrams of recorded data and outputsignal waveforms at respective functional blocks according to theconventional optical disk reproducing device. FIG. 28( a) is a diagramillustrating digital recording codes recorded so as to have a constantlinear recording density. FIG. 28( b) is a diagram illustrating ahigh-frequency-emphasized reproduction signal. FIG. 28( c) is a diagramillustrating sampled data which is suited for a PRML signal processsystem. FIG. 28( d) is a diagram illustrating an equalized output signalwhich is multi-valued by applying partial response equalization.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Hereinafter, optical disk reproducing devices according to a first tofifth embodiments of the present invention will be described withreference to the drawings.

Embodiment 1

An optical disk reproducing device according to a first embodiment,which performs demodulation of digital data recorded on an optical diskmedium by a digital signal process, by applying a PRML signal processsystem which is assumed to be effective in high recording densityreproduction in the linear direction, varies a data demodulation processrate, thereby reducing power consumption while maintaining a quality ofdigital demodulation data and a reading performance in a favorablestate, even when a signal-noise ratio is deteriorated and a quality of areproduction signal is locally deteriorated as well dependently on atilt or a defect.

Hereinafter, the optical disk reproducing device corresponding to thefirst embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 11( b).

In FIG. 1, an output amplitude of an optical disk reproduction signalwhich is reproduced from an optical recording medium 50 by areproduction means 51 is emphasized by a preamplifier 1, and thereafter,the optical disk reproduction signal is corrected by a waveformequalization means 2 so that a high frequency band thereof isemphasized. The waveform equalization means 2 comprises a filter whichenables a boost amount and a cutoff frequency to be set arbitrarily.This waveform equalization means 2 may be realized by, for example, ahigh-order ripple filter or the like, which has frequencycharacteristics as shown as a solid line in FIG. 2. In FIG. 2, a dottedline shows characteristics when a gain of an input signal is notboosted.

Next, an output signal from the waveform equalization means 2 is sampledinto a multi-bit digital signal by an analog/digital converter 3 whichis a means for converting an analog signal into a digital signal. Theanalog/digital converter 3 performs sampling by employing a reproductionclock which is generated by a clock generation means 12. At this time,in cases where a code of digital data to be demodulated is one in whichthe minimum run-length is limited to “2”, like, for example, an 8-16modulation code employed for a DVD, and MTF (Mutual Transfer Function;hereinafter, abbreviated as “MTF”) characteristics as opticalreproduction characteristics are distributed in a band which is almost aquarter or less of a channel bit frequency as shown in FIG. 3, digitaldata can be demodulated theoretically according to a sampling theorem,even when sampling is performed by the analog/digital converter 3 byemploying a reproduction clock which has a frequency component half ashigh as the channel bit frequency.

By utilizing this, the present invention enables the selection between acase where a reproduction clock is generated on the basis of the samefrequency as the channel bit frequency, and a case where a reproductionclock is generated on the basis of the frequency which is half as highas the channel bit frequency. This sampled multi-bit digital signal isinputted to a process rate variable type offset correction means 4,thereby correcting an offset component included in the reproductiondigital signal.

As shown in FIG. 4, the process rate variable type offset correctionmeans 4 may be realized by a channel rate process offset detection means18 for detecting an offset component of the reproduction digital signalby a clock which is generated on the basis of the channel bit frequency,a half rate process offset detection means 19 for detecting an offsetcomponent of the reproduction digital signal by a clock which isgenerated on the basis of the frequency half as high as the channel bitfrequency, a selection means 20 for selecting either one output signalfrom the channel rate process offset detection means 18 or the half rateprocess offset detection means 19, by a process rate switching signalwhich is generated by a process rate switching means 14 in FIG. 1, asmoothing means 21 for smoothing the selected offset signal, and asubtraction means 22 for subtracting an output signal from the smoothingmeans 21 from the reproduction digital signal.

Next, an output signal from the process rate variable type offsetcorrection means 4 is inputted to a process rate variable typetransversal filter 5 to be subjected to partial response equalization.Here, partial response equalization employs a PR (a, b, b, a) system inwhich, for example, a reproduction signal of a DVD has its waveformamplitude after equalization divided into five values as shown in FIG.5( c). Black circles “●” and white circles “◯” in FIGS. 5( b) and 5(c)indicate data sampled by a reproduction clock. When sampling isperformed by employing a clock which is generated on the basis of thesame frequency as the channel bit frequency, the signal comprises bothsampled data “●” and “◯”. On the other hand, when sampling is performedby employing a clock which is generated on the basis of the frequencyhalf as high as the channel bit frequency, the signal comprises eitherone sampled data “●” or “◯”.

Conventionally, in a lead channel employed for optical diskreproduction, a waveform-equalized output signal as shown in FIG. 5( a)is subjected to binarization judgement with the center level thereof asa slice level, whereby digital data demodulation is performed. Further,sampling is performed at prescribed sections as shown in FIG. 5( b), anda sampled multi-bit digital signal is subjected to binarizationjudgement with the center level thereof as a slice level.

On the other hand, according to the PR (a, b, b, a) system, a signal inwhich sampling data of four different times are added at a rate a:b:b:a(a+b*D+b*D2+a*D4) is generated, and characteristics corresponding to alow-pass filter as shown in FIG. 3 are added to a reproduction signal.In FIG. 3, a PR (1, 2, 2, 1) system and a PR (3, 4, 4, 3) systemcorrespond to this system.

It is thought that a partial response system that has frequencycharacteristics nearer to the MTF characteristics shown in FIG. 3 is amore favorable system. In addition to the systems shown in FIG. 3including the PR (a, b, b, a) system, there exist various types ofpartial response systems. It is not restricted to a filter of a specificsystem, and filters of other types may be also employed as long as theyachieve a desired equalization performance. A partial response systemwhich adds correlation in the direction of time of reproduction data,and a viterbi decoder, as one of after-mentioned maximum likelihooddecoding methods, which estimates the most likely series by utilizingthe added data correlation are used together, whereby the PRML signalprocess which is supposed to be advantageous in high-densityrecording/reproduction in the linear recording direction is realized.

As described above, since various PRML signal process systems existaccording to characteristics of a reproduction waveform or a modulationcode, an appropriate system should be selected for arecording/reproduction system of each kind. A process rate variable typetransversal filter 5 may be realized by, for example, an FIR (FiniteImpulse Response; hereinafter, abbreviated as “FIR”) filter whichcomprises finite taps. Equalization characteristics obtained by the FIRfilter are achieved by varying a filter coefficient.

The FIR filter may be realized by delay elements 23 a to 23 l fordelaying for one cycle of a reproduction clock, selectors 24 a to 24 ffor selecting output signals from the delay elements 23 a to 23 l by aprocess rate switching signal generated by the process rate switchingmeans 14 in FIG. 1, multiplication elements 25 a to 25 g, and anaddition means 26, as shown in FIG. 6.

The delay elements 23 a to 23 l are serially connected each other. Theselectors 24 a, 24 b, 24 c, 24 d, and 24 e are provided between thedelay elements 23 b and 23 c, the delay elements 23 d and 23 e, thedelay elements 23 f and 23 g, the delay elements 23 h and 23 i, and thedelay elements 23 j and 23 k, respectively, and the selector 24 f isprovided in the stage subsequent to the delay element 23 l. The selector24 a selects either one output signal from the delay element 23 a or 23b, and outputs the selected signal to the delay element 23 c in thesubsequent stage. Each of the other selectors 24 b to 24 e also selectseither one output signal from the delay element in the previous stage orthat in the stage preceding the previous stage, and outputs the selectedsignal to the delay element in the subsequent stage. The selector 24 fselects either one output signal from the delay element in the previousstage or that in the stage preceding the previous stage. Themultiplication element 25 a multiplies an input signal to the FIR filterby a filter coefficient S1. The multiplication element 25 b multiplies afilter coefficient S2 by an output signal from the selector 24 a. In alike manner as the multiplication element 25 b, the multiplicationelements 25 c to 25 g also multiply filter coefficients S3 to S7 byoutput signals from the selectors 24 b to 24 f, respectively. Theaddition means 26 adds output signals from the multiplication elements25 a to 25 g.

The filter coefficients S1 to S7 of the FIR filter are set by a filtercoefficient learning means 6 that utilizes an LMS algorithm foradaptively performing control so that an equalization error existing ina partial response equalization output signal outputted from the processrate variable type transversal filter 5 has a minimum value.

For example, as shown in FIG. 7, the filter coefficient learning means 6may be realized by an equalization error detector 28 which performssubtraction with an equalization target value corresponding to a partialresponse system, which is detected from the equalization output signalfrom the process rate variable type transversal filter 5 by a temporarydecision circuit 27, and the output signal from the process ratevariable type transversal filter 5, thereby detecting an equalizationerror; a correlator 29 for computing the correlation between the outputsignal from the equalization error detector 28 and the equalizationoutput signal from the process rate variable type transversal filter 5;a feedback gain adjuster 30 for adjusting a feedback gain by increasingoutput from the correlator 29 by the same number of times as the numberof gain; and filter coefficient updating parts 31 a to 31 g as means forupdating filter coefficients by adding an output from the feedback gainadjuster 30 to filter coefficients of respective taps. The filtercoefficient learning means 6 constructed as described above also has afunction of performing adaptive automatic equalization control of thefilter coefficient by loading initials value of the filter coefficientsstored in initial value storage means 32 a to 32 g.

The filter coefficient updating part 31 a selects one from an outputsignal from the initial value storage means 32 a and an output signalfrom an adder 310 a, with a selector 311 a, outputs the output signalfrom the selector 311 a as the filter coefficient S1 as well as receivesthe output signal from the selector 311 a with one input of the adder310 a through a delay element 312 a, and receives the output signal fromthe above-described feedback gain adjuster 30 with the other input ofthe adder 310 a. The other filter coefficient updating parts 31 b to 31g are similarly constructed.

The output signal from the FIR filter comprises both black circles “●”and white circles “◯” in FIG. 5( c) when the signal is processed byemploying the channel bit frequency, while comprises either blackcircles “●” or white circles “◯” in FIG. 5( c) when the signal isprocessed by employing the frequency half as high as the channel bitfrequency. Accordingly, with respect to an output signal which issubjected to partial response equalization by employing the frequencyhalf as high as the channel bit frequency, intermediate data lacking atsampling is interpolated by a data interpolation means 7. The datainterpolation means 7 may be realized by, for example, a filter havingNyquist characteristics as shown in FIG. 8. In this case, filtercoefficients as indicated by white circles “◯” in FIG. 8 which areplaced at intervals of twice as long a cycle as a channel bit cycle areapplied, whereby lacking data can be restored by Nyquist interpolation.

When a reproduction clock is generated by the process rate switchingmeans 14 in FIG. 1 on the basis of the channel bit frequency, a phaseerror is detected from an output signal generated from theanalog/digital converter 3 and the process rate variable type offsetcorrection means 4, by channel rate process phase error detection means8. When a reproduction clock is generated by the process rate switchingmeans 14 on the basis of the frequency half as high as the channel bitfrequency, a phase error is detected by half rate process phase errordetection means 9.

Either one of phase error signals detected by the channel rate processphase error detection means 8 and the half rate process phase errordetection means 9 is selected by phase error selection means 10according to a process rate switching signal, and thereafter, theselected phase error signal is outputted to the clock generation means12 through a loop filter 11 for smoothing the phase error signal, andthe clock generation means 12 is controlled so that the phase of thereproduction clock is synchronized with phase of a clock component ofthe reproduction signal, on the basis of the output signal from the loopfilter 11.

There is provided a phase locked loop means 13 which performs samplingof a reproduction waveform with the analog/digital converter 3 byemploying the reproduction clock generated through the path that startsat the analog/digital converter 3 and ends at the clock generation means12, whereby a multi-bit sampling signal which is synchronized with thephase of the clock component of the reproduction signal is generated. Inthis way, the PRML signal process is realized.

Here, a channel rate process phase locked loop means 13 a may indicate aphase locked loop which detects a phase error by the channel rateprocess phase error detection means 8, and a half rate process phaselocked loop means 13 b may indicate a phase locked loop which detects aphase error by the half rate process phase error detection means 9.

The phase locked loop means 13 may be realized as one which makes thephase of the clock component of the reproduction data synchronized withthe phase of the reproduction clock on the basis of a principle as shownin FIGS. 9( a) and 9(b).

A description will be given of a case where phase synchronization isperformed by employing the channel rate process phase error detectionmeans 8, as an example. FIG. 9( a) shows a state where a frequency of areproduction clock is slightly lower than a frequency of a clockcomponent of reproduction data. For example, it is assumed that thereproduction data comprises continuous single frequency of 4T (“T” is atime corresponding to 1 channel bit). With respect to a sampling signalin the vicinity of zero crossing level which is indicated by blackcircles “●” in FIG. 9( a), information is kept as it is at a rising edgeof the sampling signal, while positive and negative of the samplingsignal is inverted at a falling edge, whereby phase error curves shownin FIGS. 9( a) and 9(b) are observed according to a phase deviationamount. Here, an amplitude component of the sampling signal can bethought of as a sampling phase deviation in the time direction. Then, itis assumed that the amplitude component of the sampling signal in thevicinity of zero crossing level is considered as a phase error signal asit is in consideration of a rising edge and a falling edge. When thesignal is observed as being positive, phase is delayed and, thus, thefrequency of the reproduction clock is increased to feed back the signalin the direction in which the phase is advanced. On the other hand, whenthe signal is observed as being negative, phase is advanced and, thus,the frequency of the reproduction clock is reduced to feed back thesignal in the direction in which the phase is delayed. According to thiscontrol, as shown in FIG. 9( b), the phase error signal approaches zero,and the phase of the reproduction clock can be synchronized with thephase of the clock component of reproduction data.

On the other hand, when phase synchronization is performed by employingthe half rate process phase error detection means 9, the sampled datashown in FIGS. 9( a) and 9(b) exists alternately due to sampling thatemploys the frequency half as high as the channel bit frequency.Therefore, a phase error curve can be obtained with respect to partswhere the sampling data exists as in the case of employing the channelrate process phase error detection means 8.

The process rate switching signal which is supplied to theabove-described respective blocks is generated by the process rateswitching means 14. Here, for example, the process rate switching means14 may be realized as one which detects a reproduction position in theinner or outer circumference of the optical disk, from addressinformation detected from modulation data, by a reproduction positiondetection means 16, and generates the process rate switching signal by aprocess rate judgement means 15 on the basis of the detected positioninformation.

At this time, for example, when data is spirally recorded from the innercircumference of the optical disk toward the outer circumference, thereproduction position detection means 16 may be realized as one whichcalculates a physical position where data as a demodulation targetexists, on the basis of the address information, channel bit length, anddata in recording track width, which exist for data of each prescribednumber.

The partial response equalization signal outputted by a series ofoperations as described above is inputted to a half rate process maximumlikelihood decoder 17 for performing decoding according to the type ofpartial response, whereby data demodulation is performed. Here, the halfrate process maximum likelihood decoder 17 may be realized by, forexample, a viterbi decoder for performing a demodulation process byemploying the frequency half as high as the channel bit frequency.

The viterbi decoder performs probability calculation on the basis of thelaw of correlation of a code which is added intentionally according tothe type of partial response, and estimates the most likely series. Forexample, when the type of an applied partial response is the PR (a, b,b, a) system, a state changes on the basis of a state transition diagramas shown in FIG. 10( a). Here, particularly, an 8-16 modulation codewhich is employed for a DVD is taken into account, and the change ofstate can be expressed in six states of transition from S0 to S5 inconnection with the fact that the minimum run-length is limited to “2”.

In FIG. 10( a), with respect to X/Y, “X” indicates a transition of arecording code, and “Y” indicates a signal amplitude at that time. Onestate is indicated by a code of neighboring three times. For example, ina state transition from S4 “110” to S3 “100”, a code “0” is added to thestate S4 “110” to shift the same to the left, thereby “1” at the farleft disappears, resulting in the state S3 “100”. However, when aprocess rate has the frequency half as high as the channel bitfrequency, two neighboring states should be considered as one in thestate transition shown in FIG. 10( a).

For example, when the data interpolation means 7 outputs data at anormal sampling position in parallel with interpolation data which isrestored by interpolation, as an output signal, the data at a normalsampling position and the interpolation data may be respectivelyinputted to two neighboring states, whereby a parallel processing isperformed. A temporal change at that time is shown in a trellis diagramas shown in FIG. 10( b) in which the normal data and the interpolationdata are processed in parallel. Then, the probabilistic length of eachpath “lkab” (hereinafter, referred to as “branch metric”) is calculated,and the branch metric is added when there is a transition to each state.Here, “k” indicates temporal transition, and “ab” indicates a branchmetric in transition from a state “Sa” to a state “Sb”. A value of thebranch metric added at each state is referred to as a “metric”, and apath which has the minimum metric is sequentially outputted as aremaining path, thereby demodulating into binary digital data. That is,when it is assumed that demodulation is performed according to therecording code in FIG. 10( b), a path shown as a solid line is aremaining path.

Here, a channel rate process data demodulation means 13 a may berealized so that the process rate switching means 14 generates a processrate switching signal to perform a data demodulation process by mainlyemploying the channel bit frequency, and in the phase locked loop means13, the channel rate process offset detection means 18 in the processrate variable type offset correction means 4, and the channel rateprocess phase error detection means 8 are selected, and the process ratevariable type transversal filter 5 operates on the basis of the channelbit frequency, and an output signal therefrom passes through the datainterpolation means 7 and is subjected to digital data demodulation bythe half rate process maximum likelihood decoder 17.

Further, a half rate process data demodulation means 13 b may berealized so that the process rate switching means 14 generates a processrate switching signal to perform a data demodulation process byemploying the frequency half as high as the channel bit frequency, andin the phase locked loop means 13, the half rate process offsetdetection means 19 in the process rate variable type offset correctionmeans 4, as well as the half rate process phase error detection means 9are selected, and the process rate variable type transversal filter 5operates on the basis of the frequency half as high as the channel bitfrequency, and an output signal therefrom passes through the datainterpolation means 7 and is subjected to digital data demodulation bythe half rate process maximum likelihood decoder 17.

By a series of measures as described above, which make full use of thecharacteristics of the 8-16 modulation code or the like to switch aprocess rate for the PRML signal process by the process rate switchingmeans 14 according to a position in the inner or outer circumference ofthe optical disk, a data demodulation process can be performed at thefrequency half as high as the channel bit frequency in the case of highmultiple speed reproduction that causes an increase in powerconsumption, thereby reducing power consumption by nearly half. Further,a maximum likelihood decoder or the like which theoretically causes nodeterioration in the demodulation performance can perform the processemploying the frequency half as high as the channel bit frequency at alltimes, whereby only a half rate process circuit is required and there isno need to provide an additional channel bit frequency circuit,resulting in reduction in the circuit scale and the power consumption.

The process rate switching means 14 described for the first embodimentmay be realized as follows. That is, since the linear velocity ofreproduction data varies from the inner circumference of the disk towardthe outer circumference according to a position on the disk at CAV(Constant Angular Velocity) reproduction, i.e., data reproduction atconstant optical disk rotation, the channel bit frequency is higher onthe outer circumference side than on the inner circumference side asshown in FIG. 11( a). Accordingly, when a data process is performed byemploying the channel bit frequency, an increase in power consumptionbecomes a problem at high multiple speed reproduction on the outercircumference side.

To solve this problem, the reproduction position detection means 16detects a reproduction position from address information indicating anaddress of the reproduction position on the disk, to judge whether thereproduction position is located in an area from “A” to “C” shown inFIG. 11( b) or in an area from “C” to “B”, and the process ratejudgement means 15 generates a process rate switching signal so that adata demodulation process is performed by employing the channel bitfrequency when the reproduction position is located in the area from “A”to “C” on the inner circumference side, and a data demodulation processis performed by employing the frequency half as high as the channel bitfrequency when the reproduction position is located in the area from “C”to “B” on the outer circumference side. Further, “C” as a process rateswitching position may be set at an arbitrary position, whereby powerconsumption can be controlled.

By employing the process rate switching means 14 as described above, asampling frequency of a reproduction clock can be suppressed to afrequency equal to or lower than half the maximum frequency as shown inFIG. 11( b), thereby reducing power consumption at reproduction on theouter circumference side by the CAV system, which is to be increased.Further, a signal process can be performed in a band of the frequencyhalf as high as that at the highest multiple speed reproduction, wherebya burden of designing the analog/digital converter 3, the clockgeneration means 12, and a synchronous circuit in a digital circuit canbe reduced, resulting in a reduction in circuit scale and cost.

As described above, according to the first embodiment, by utilizing thefact that the minimum change unit of data recorded on the optical diskis 3-channel bit, a process is performed at a rate half as high as achannel bit according to a sampling theorem, thereby providing afunction of reducing power consumption at high multiple speedreproduction. Further, while a viterbi decoder which theoreticallycauses no performance deterioration performs a half rate process at alltimes, other circuit blocks execute a channel rate process or the halfrate process by switching therebetween according to required powerconsumption and a process performance, whereby power consumption isreduced without deteriorating a reading performance.

Further, the optical disk is divided into the areas of innercircumference and outer circumference, and an address of reproductionpart is monitored, thereby providing a function of switching between thechannel rate process and the half rate process according to the innercircumference of the optical disk or the outer circumference. When CAVreproduction is performed at high multiple speed, the half rate processis performed on the outer circumference side where a reproduction speedis higher, while the channel rate process is performed on the innercircumference side where a reproduction speed is lower, whereby a highmultiple speed reproduction can be performed with reduced powerconsumption, without deteriorating a reading performance.

Embodiment 2

An optical disk reproducing device according to a second embodimentperforms switching of a data demodulation process rate according todefect information relating to an optical recording medium.

Hereinafter, the optical disk reproducing device according to the secondembodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 9( b) and 12to 17.

In FIG. 12, an output amplitude of an optical disk reproduction signalwhich is reproduced from an optical recording medium 50 by areproduction means 51 is emphasized by a preamplifier 1, and thereafterthe optical disk reproduction signal is corrected by a waveformequalization means 2 so that a high frequency band thereof isemphasized. The waveform equalization means 2 comprises a filter whichenables a boost amount and a cutoff frequency to be set arbitrarily.This waveform equalization means 2 may be realized by, for example, ahigh-order ripple filter or the like, which has frequencycharacteristics as shown as a solid line in FIG. 2.

Next, an output signal from the waveform equalization means 2 is sampledinto a multi-bit digital signal by an analog/digital converter 3 whichis a means for converting an analog signal into a digital signal. Theanalog/digital converter 3 performs sampling by employing a reproductionclock which is generated by a clock generation means 12. At this time,in cases where a code of digital data to be demodulated is one in whichthe minimum run-length is limited to “2”, like, for example, an 8-16modulation code employed for a DVD, and MTF characteristics as opticalreproduction characteristics are distributed in a band which is almost aquarter or less of a channel bit frequency as shown in FIG. 3, digitaldata can be demodulated theoretically according to a sampling theorem,even when sampling is performed by the analog/digital converter 3 byemploying a reproduction clock which has a frequency component half ashigh as the channel bit frequency.

By utilizing this, the present invention enables the selection between acase where a reproduction clock is generated on the basis of the channelbit frequency, and a case where a reproduction clock is generated on thebasis of a frequency which is half as high as the channel bit frequency.This sampled multi-bit digital signal is inputted to a process ratevariable type offset correction means 4, thereby correcting an offsetcomponent included in the reproduction digital signal. For example, theprocess rate variable type offset correction means 4 may be realized byone which has the construction as described for the first embodiment inFIG. 4.

Next, an output signal from the process rate variable type offsetcorrection means 4 is inputted to a process rate variable typetransversal filter 5 to be subjected to partial response equalization.Here, partial response equalization employs a PR (a, b, b, a) system inwhich, for example, a reproduction signal of a DVD has its waveformamplitude after equalization divided into five values as shown in FIG.5( c). Black circles “●” and white circles “◯” in FIGS. 5( b)-5(c)indicate data sampled by a reproduction clock. When sampling isperformed by employing a clock which is generated on the basis of thesame frequency as the channel bit frequency, the signal comprises bothsampled data “●” and “◯”. On the other hand, when sampling is performedby employing a clock which is generated on the basis of the frequencyhalf as high as the channel bit frequency, the signal comprises eitherone sampled data “●” or “◯”.

Conventionally, in a lead channel employed for optical diskreproduction, a waveform-equalized output signal as shown in FIG. 5( a)is subjected to binarization judgement with the center level thereof asa slice level, whereby digital data demodulation is performed. Further,sampling is performed at prescribed sections as shown in FIG. 5( b), anda sampled multi-bit digital signal is subjected to binarizationjudgement with the center level thereof as a slice level.

On the other hand, according to the PR (a, b, b, a) system, a signal inwhich sampling data of four different times are added at a rate a:b:b:a(a+b*D+b*D2+a*D4) is generated, and characteristics corresponding to alow-pass filter as shown in FIG. 3 are added to a reproduction signal.

It is thought that a partial response system that has frequencycharacteristics nearer to the MTF characteristics shown in FIG. 3 is amore favorable system. In addition to the systems shown in FIG. 3including the PR (a, b, b, a) system, there exist various types ofpartial response systems. It is not restricted to a filter of specificsystem, and filters of other types may be also employed as long as theyachieve desired equalization performance. A partial response systemwhich adds correlation in the direction of time of reproduction data,and a viterbi decoder, as one of after-mentioned maximum likelihooddecoding methods, which estimates the most likely series by utilizingthe added data correlation are used together, whereby the PRML signalprocess which is supposed to be advantageous in high-densityrecording/reproduction in the linear recording direction is realized.

As described above, since various PRML signal process systems existaccording to characteristics of reproduction waveform or modulationcode, an appropriate system should be selected for arecording/reproduction system of each kind. A process rate variable typetransversal filter 5 may be realized by, for example, a FIR filter whichcomprises finite taps. Equalization characteristics obtained by the FIRfilter are achieved by varying a filter coefficient.

For example, the FIR filter may be realized by one as described for thefirst embodiment in FIG. 6.

The filter coefficients S1 to S7 of the FIR filter are set by a filtercoefficient learning means 6 that utilizes an LMS algorithm foradaptively performing control so that an equalization error existing ina partial response equalization output signal outputted from the processrate variable type transversal filter 5 has a minimum value.

For example, the filter coefficient learning means 6 may be realized byone which has the construction as described for the first embodiment inFIG. 7.

The output signal from the FIR filter comprises both black circles “●”and white circles “◯” in FIG. 5( c) when the signal is processed byemploying the channel bit frequency, while comprises either blackcircles “●” or white circles “◯” in FIG. 5( c) when the signal isprocessed by employing the frequency half as high as the channel bitfrequency. Accordingly, with respect to an output signal which issubjected to partial response equalization by employing the frequencyhalf as high as the channel bit frequency, intermediate data lacking atsampling is interpolated by a data interpolation means 7. The datainterpolation means 7 may be realized by, for example, a filter havingNyquist characteristics that is described for the first embodiment inFIG. 8. In this case, filter coefficients as indicated by white circles“◯” in FIG. 8 which are placed at intervals of twice as long cycle as achannel bit cycle are applied, whereby lacking data can be restored byNyquist interpolation.

When a reproduction clock is generated by the process rate switchingmeans 14 in FIG. 12 on the basis of the channel bit frequency, a phaseerror is detected from an output signal generated from theanalog/digital converter 3 and the process rate variable type offsetcorrection means 4, by the channel rate process phase error detectionmeans 8. When a reproduction clock is generated by the process rateswitching means 14 on the basis of the frequency half as high as thechannel bit frequency, a phase error is detected by the half rateprocess phase error detection means 9. Either one of phase error signalsdetected by the channel rate process phase error detection means 8 andthe half rate process phase error detection means 9 is selected by thephase error selection means 10 according to a process rate switchingsignal, and thereafter the selected phase error signal passes throughthe loop filter 11 for smoothing the phase error signal, and the clockgeneration means 12 is controlled so that phase of the reproductionclock is synchronized with phase of a clock component of thereproduction signal, on the basis of the output signal from the loopfilter 11.

There is provided a phase locked loop means 13 which performs samplingof a reproduction waveform with the analog/digital converter 3 byemploying the reproduction clock generated through the path that startsat the analog/digital converter 3 and ends at the clock generation means12, whereby a multi-bit sampling signal which is synchronized with thephase of the clock component of the reproduction signal is generated. Inthis way, the PRML signal process is realized.

The phase locked loop means 13 may be realized as one which makes thephase of the clock component of the reproduction data synchronized withthe phase of the reproduction clock on the basis of a principle asdescribed for the first embodiment in FIGS. 9( a) and 9(b). The processrate switching signal which is supplied to the above-describedrespective blocks is generated by the process rate switching means 14.

Here, for example, the process rate switching means 14 may be realizedas one which has an amplitude detection means 33 for detecting amplitudeinformation from a reproduction signal waveform, judges by a defectjudgement means 34 whether a defect exists or not from the amplitudeinformation detected by the amplitude detection means 33, and generatesby the process rate judgement means 15 the process rate switching signalon the basis of the defect judgement information as the result ofjudgement by the defect judgement means 34.

A defect occurs due to a deficiency on a recording medium such as anoptical disk. The deficiency on a recording medium is a thing thatblocks reflection of a laser beam, such as flaws existing on therecording surface, or fingerprints and things like dirt attached to therecording surface. Therefore, for example, the process rate switchingmeans 14 may be realized as one which selects a channel rate processdata demodulation means 13 a when it is judged that a defect exists, andselects a half rate process data demodulation means 13 b when it isjudged that no defect exists.

For example, the amplitude detection means 33 may be realized as onewhich receives a reproduction signal as shown in FIG. 13( b) as an inputsignal, detects the top envelope by a peak hold means 35 a for holdingthe peak level of the input signal and a low pass filter 36 a forsmoothing the output signal from the peak hold means 35 a, as well asdetects the bottom envelope by a peak hold means 35 b for holding thepeak level of the input signal and a low pass filter 36 b for smoothingthe output signal from the peak hold means 35 b, and subtracts thedetected bottom envelope from the top envelope by a subtraction means37, whereby amplitude information as shown in FIG. 13( c) is obtained.

Further, for example, the defect judgement means 34 may be realized asone which generates a signal by which it is judged that a defect existsas shown in FIG. 13( d), when the amplitude information outputted fromthe amplitude detection means 33 is equal to or smaller than aprescribed threshold value “Vth” as shown in a dotted line in FIG. 13(c).

In some cases, the signal quality varies according to a kind of defect,like the reproduction signal shown in FIG. 13( b), in which an amplitudethereof is largely attenuated by flaws on the disk recording surface,and the amplitude is attenuated less by fingerprints or dirt. Therefore,it is also possible that according to a degree of deterioration in areproduction signal amplitude, the defect judgement means 34 judges adefect at a level where reproduction performance can be secured as nodefect, by properly setting the threshold value “Vth” shown in FIG. 13(c).

Furthermore, for example, the defect judgement means 34 may be realizedas one as shown in FIG. 14. This defect judgement means 34 comprises anamplitude attenuation judgement means 38 a for detecting a defectcausing large amplitude attenuation in a reproduction signal on thebasis of the amplitude information outputted from the amplitudedetection means 33 in FIG. 12, and an amplitude attenuation judgementmeans 38 b for detecting a defect causing small amplitude attenuation inthe reproduction signal; a defect length detection means 39 a and adefect length detection means 39 b for counting lengths of sectionswhere it is judged that defects exist with respect to output resultsfrom the amplitude attenuation judgement means 38 a and the amplitudeattenuation judgement means 38 b, respectively; and a reproductionpossibility judgement means 41 for detecting reproduction possibility byweighting the output results from the defect length detection means 39 aand the defect length detection means 39 b in a prescribed section,according to respective degrees of reproduction difficulty, with a cyclecounter 40 for measuring a predetermined time.

For example, the reproduction possibility judgement means 41 may berealized as one which judges that a defect exists in the section when itis judged that a reproduction process is difficult to be performed, andjudges that no defect exists in the case of small flaws, fingerprintswhich cause almost no amplitude attenuation in the reproduction signal,or the like, that are judged to pose no problem in reproduction.

The partial response equalization signal outputted by a series ofoperations as described above is inputted to a half rate process maximumlikelihood decoder 17 for performing decoding according to the type ofpartial response, whereby data demodulation is performed. Here, the halfrate process maximum likelihood decoder 17 may be realized by, forexample, a viterbi decoder for performing a demodulation process byemploying the frequency half as high as the channel bit frequency, asdescribed for the first embodiment.

Here, a channel rate process data demodulation means 13 a may berealized so that the process rate switching means 14 generates a processrate switching signal to perform a data demodulation process by mainlyemploying the channel bit frequency, and in the phase locked loop means13, the channel rate process offset detection means 18 in the processrate variable type offset correction means 4, and the channel rateprocess phase error detection means 8 are selected, and the process ratevariable type transversal filter 5 operates on the basis of the channelbit frequency, and an output signal therefrom passes through the datainterpolation means 7 and is subjected to digital data demodulation bythe half rate process maximum likelihood decoder 17.

Further, a half rate process data demodulation means 13 b may berealized so that the process rate switching means 14 generates a processrate switching signal to perform a data demodulation process byemploying the frequency half as high as the channel bit frequency, andin the phase locked loop means 13, the half rate process offsetdetection means 19 in the process rate variable type offset correctionmeans 4, as well as the half rate process phase error detection means 9are selected, and the process rate variable type transversal filter 5operates on the basis of the frequency half as high as the channel bitfrequency, and an output signal therefrom passes through the datainterpolation means 7 and is subjected to digital data demodulation bythe half rate process maximum likelihood decoder 17.

By a series of measures as described above, which make full use of thecharacteristics of the 8-16 modulation code or the like to switch aprocess rate for the PRML signal process by the process rate switchingmeans 14 according to whether a defect exists or not, phasesynchronization between demodulation data and a reproduction clock ismaintained in a favorable state or restored in the case of a defectgenerated by flaws, fingerprints or the like on the disk recordingsurface, which is supposed to make it difficult to demodulate data,whereby a reading performance can be maintained in a favorable state.Further, defect information which influences reproduction performancecan be accurately detected by the amplitude detection means 33 and thedefect judgement means 34, whereby switching to a data demodulationprocess employing the channel bit frequency is not performed more thanrequired, resulting in a reduction in power consumption and a systemwith stable operation.

The process rate switching means 14 according to the second embodimentmay be realized as shown in FIG. 15. For example, this process rateswitching means 14 has the amplitude detection means 33 for detectingamplitude information from a reproduction signal waveform, judges by thedefect judgement means 34 whether a defect exists or not, from thedetected amplitude information, and generates a process rate switchingsignal by the process rate judgement means 15 on the basis of defectinformation obtained as the result of judgement by the defect judgementmeans 34, and further has a defect position storage means 42 for storinga position where the defect judgement means 34 judges that a defectexists, and, when data demodulation is performed again for a positionwhere reproduction has been performed once, refers to defect informationstored in the defect position storage means 42, to generates a processrate switching signal so that, in advance, a data demodulation processcan be performed by mainly employing the channel bit frequency for apart where a defect exists.

Further, when digital data is demodulated from an optical disk on whichtracks where the digital data is recorded are spirally formed atpredetermined intervals in the circumference direction, for example, thedefect position storage means 42 may judge that a defect exists at aposition where the defect actually exists as well as in an areasurrounding that position with a prescribed distance therefrom, as shownby a dotted line in FIG. 16( a). Furthermore, for example, the defectposition storage means 42 may judge that a defect exists at a positionwhere the defect actually exists as well as in the whole recording trackwhere the defect exists, as shown in a dotted line in FIG. 16( b).

The process rate switching means 14 as described above can switch to adata demodulation process rate in advance for a part where a defectexists, whereby the accuracy of data demodulation at second orsubsequent times is increased and a reading performance is stabilized.Since a recording track where a defect exists is a target of processrate switching, particularly when a seeking process in which areproduction part is changed at random is performed, there is no need toswitch a processing means between a normal area and an area where adefect exists and, thus, the frequency of occurrence of process rateswitching control is decreased, resulting in an increase in systemstability.

For example, the process rate switching means 14 as described for thesecond embodiment may be controlled according to the flow as shown in aflowchart in FIG. 17.

Initially, at control start (process 101), the half rate process datademodulation means 13 b for performing a data demodulation process byemploying the frequency half as high as the channel bit frequency isselected (process 102). Next, the defect judgement means 34 judges thepresence or absence of a defect (process 103), and the process by thehalf rate process data demodulation means continues when the defectjudgement means 34 judges that there is no defect, while the half rateprocess data demodulation means is switched to the channel rata processdata demodulation means that mainly employs the channel bit frequency toperform a data demodulation process, when the defect judgement means 3judges that a defect exists (process 104). Thereafter, the reproductionpossibility judgement means 41 judges whether reproduction is possiblein a prescribed section set by the cycle counter 40 or not (process105). According to this judgement, a period where a defect is detectedis monitored, and when defect is changed to a shorter defect to have alength equal to or smaller than a prescribed value, the channel rateprocess is canceled, and the process shifts to a half rate mode.Therefore, a process rate switching signal is controlled so that thedemodulation operation by the channel rate process data demodulationmeans 13 a is continued until it is judged that reproduction ispossible, and the demodulation operation by the half rate process datademodulation means is resumed after it is judged that reproduction ispossible (process 102), and this process is repeated until control end(process 106).

Thereby, a data demodulation process rate is not frequently changed, andthus it is possible to realize a stable system which gives priority overthe quality of the demodulation data relating to reproduction when adefect exists.

As described above, according to the second embodiment, a function ofswitching between a channel rate process and a half rate process by asampling rate variable process is provided, and the half rate process isusually selected in favor of reduced power consumption, and the halfrate process is switched to the channel rate process when it is judgedthat there are flaws or dirt on the optical disk, on the basis of defectinformation, whereby reproduction is performed. Therefore, a stablereading operation can be performed while power consumption issuppressed.

Further, in cases where the half rate process is switched to the channelrate process to perform reproduction, since there is a possibility thatdefects also exist on the periphery of a part where it is judged that adefect exists, the channel rate mode also covers a predetermined rangeon the periphery of the part where a defect is detected. Thereby, astable reading operation can be surely performed while power consumptionis suppressed.

Furthermore, in cases where the half rate process is switched to thechannel rate process to perform reproduction, a period where a defect isdetected is monitored, and when a state changes from a long defect to ashorter defect to have a length equal to or smaller than a prescribedvalue, the channel rate process is canceled, and the process shifts tothe half rate mode. Thereby, power consumption is further suppressedwhile a reading operation is stablized.

Embodiment 3

An optical disk reproducing device according to a third embodimentperforms switching of a data demodulation process rate on the basis of aresult of judgement of a tilt angle relating to an optical recordingmedium.

Hereinafter, the optical disk reproducing device according to the thirdembodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 9( b) and 18and 19.

In FIG. 18, an output amplitude of an optical disk reproduction signalwhich is reproduced from an optical recording medium 50 by areproduction means 51 is emphasized by a preamplifier 1, and thereafterthe optical disk reproduction signal is corrected by a waveformequalization means 2 so that a high frequency band thereof isemphasized. The waveform equalization means 2 comprises a filter whichenables a boost amount and a cutoff frequency to be set arbitrarily.This waveform equalization means 2 may be realized by, for example, ahigh-order ripple filter or the like, which has frequencycharacteristics as shown as a solid line in FIG. 2.

Next, an output signal from the waveform equalization means 2 is sampledinto a multi-bit digital signal by an analog/digital converter 3 whichis a means for converting an analog signal into a digital signal. Theanalog/digital converter 3 performs sampling by employing a reproductionclock which is generated by a clock generation means 12. At this time,in cases where a code of digital data to be demodulated is one in whichthe minimum run-length is limited to “2”, like, for example, an 8-16modulation code employed for a DVD, and MTF characteristics as opticalreproduction characteristics are distributed in a band which is almost aquarter or less of a channel bit frequency as shown in FIG. 3, digitaldata can be demodulated theoretically according to a sampling theorem,even when sampling is performed by the analog/digital converter 3 byemploying a reproduction clock which has a frequency component half ashigh as the channel bit frequency.

By utilizing this, the present invention enables the selection between acase where a reproduction clock is generated on the basis of the samefrequency as the channel bit frequency, and a case where a reproductionclock is generated on the basis of frequency which is half as high asthe channel bit frequency. This sampled multi-bit digital signal isinputted to a process rate variable type offset correction means 4,thereby correcting an offset component included in the reproductiondigital signal.

For example, the process rate variable type offset correction means 4may be realized by one which has the construction as described for thefirst embodiment in FIG. 4.

Next, an output signal from the process rate variable type offsetcorrection means 4 is inputted to a process rate variable typetransversal filter 5 to be subjected to partial response equalization.Here, partial response equalization employs a PR (a, b, b, a) system inwhich, for example, a reproduction signal of a DVD has its waveformamplitude after equalization divided into five values as shown in FIG.5( c). Black circles “●” and white circles “◯” in FIGS. 5( b) and 5(c)indicate data sampled by a reproduction clock. When sampling isperformed by employing a clock which is generated on the basis of thechannel bit frequency, the signal comprises both sampled data “●” and“◯”. On the other hand, when sampling is performed by employing a clockwhich is generated on the basis of the frequency half as high as thechannel bit frequency, the signal comprises either one sampled data “●”or “◯”.

Conventionally, in a lead channel employed for optical diskreproduction, a waveform-equalized output signal as shown in FIG. 5( a)is subjected to binarization judgement with the center level thereof asa slice level, whereby digital data demodulation is performed. Further,sampling is performed at prescribed sections as shown in FIG. 5( b), anda sampled multi-bit digital signal is subjected to binarizationjudgement with the center level thereof as a slice level.

On the other hand, according to the PR (a, b, b, a) system, a signal inwhich sampling data of four different times are added at a rate a:b:b:a(a+b*D+b*D2+a*D4) is generated, and characteristics corresponding to alow-pass filter as shown in FIG. 3 are added to a reproduction signal.

It is thought that a partial response system that has frequencycharacteristics nearer to the MTF characteristics shown in FIG. 3 is amore favorable system. In addition to the systems shown in FIG. 3including the PR (a, b, b, a) system, there exist various types ofpartial response systems. It is not restricted to a filter of specificsystem, and filters of other types may be also employed as long as theyachieve desired equalization performance. A partial response systemwhich adds correlation in the direction of time of reproduction data,and a viterbi decoder, as one of after-mentioned maximum likelihooddecoding methods, which estimates the most likely series by utilizingthe added data correlation are used together, whereby the PRML signalprocess which is supposed to be advantageous in high-densityrecording/reproduction in the linear recording direction is realized.

As described above, since various PRML signal process systems existaccording to characteristics of reproduction waveform or modulationcode, an appropriate system should be selected for arecording/reproduction system of each kind. A process rate variable typetransversal filter 5 may be realized by, for example, an FIR filterwhich comprises finite taps. Equalization characteristics obtained bythe FIR filter is achieved by varying a filter coefficient.

For example, the FIR filter may be realized as one as described for thefirst embodiment in FIG. 6.

The filter coefficients S1 to S7 of the FIR filter are set by a filtercoefficient learning means 6 that utilizes an LMS algorithm foradaptively performing control so that an equalization error existing ina partial response equalization output signal outputted from the processrate variable type transversal filter 5 has a minimum value.

For example, the filter coefficient learning means 6 may be realized asone which has the construction as described for the first embodiment inFIG. 7.

The output signal from the FIR filter comprises both black circles “●”and white circles “◯” in FIG. 5( c) when the signal is processed byemploying the same frequency as the channel bit frequency, and compriseseither black circles “●” or white circles “◯” in FIG. 5( c) when thesignal is processed by employing the frequency half as high as thechannel bit frequency. Accordingly, with respect to an output signalwhich is subjected to partial response equalization by employing thefrequency half as high as the channel bit frequency, intermediate datalacking at sampling is interpolated by a data interpolation means 7. Thedata interpolation means 7 may be realized by, for example, a filterhaving Nyquist characteristics that is described for the firstembodiment as shown in FIG. 8. In this case, filter coefficients asindicated by white circles “◯” in FIG. 8 which are placed at intervalsof twice as long cycle as a channel bit cycle are applied, wherebylacking data can be restored by Nyquist interpolation.

When a reproduction clock is generated by the process rate switchingmeans 14 in FIG. 18 on the basis of the channel bit frequency, a phaseerror is detected from an output signal generated from theanalog/digital converter 3 and the process rate variable type offsetcorrection means 4, by the channel rate process phase error detectionmeans 8. When a reproduction clock is generated by the process rateswitching means 14 on the basis of the frequency half as high as thechannel bit frequency, a phase error is detected by the half rateprocess phase error detection means 9.

Either one of phase error signals detected by the channel rate processphase error detection means 8 and the half rate process phase errordetection means 9 is selected by the phase error selection means 10according to a process rate switching signal, and thereafter theselected phase error signal passes through the loop filter 11 forsmoothing the phase error signal, and the clock generation means 12 iscontrolled so that the phase of the reproduction clock is synchronizedwith the phase of a clock component of the reproduction signal, on thebasis of the output signal from the loop filter 11.

There is provided a phase locked loop means 13 which performs samplingof a reproduction waveform with the analog/digital converter 3 byemploying the reproduction clock generated through the path that startsat the analog/digital converter 3 and ends at the clock generation means12, whereby a multi-bit sampling signal which is synchronized with thephase of the clock component of the reproduction signal is generated. Inthis way, the PRML signal process is realized.

The phase locked loop means 13 may be realized as one which makes thephase of the clock component of the reproduction data synchronized withthe phase of the reproduction clock on the basis of a principle asdescribed for the first embodiment in FIGS. 9( a) and 9(b).

The process rate switching signal which is supplied to theabove-described respective blocks is generated by the process rateswitching means 14. Here, for example, the process rate switching means14 may be realized as one which has a tilt information detection means43 for detecting tilt information indicating a degree of influence of atilt angle between a perpendicular to the recording surface of anoptical disk and an optical axis of a laser beam, exerted on the qualityof the reproduction signal according to the magnitude of the tilt angle,with each filter coefficient value which is learned when adaptivecontrol is performed by a filter coefficient learning means 6, so that asquare mean value of an equalization error of an equalization outputsignal from the process rate variable type transversal filter 5 has aminimum value, being an input signal; judges by a tilt judgement means44 whether quality deterioration in reproduction signal due to tilt islarge or small, on the basis of a degree of deviation in the filtercoefficient at a side tap of the process rate variable type transversalfilter 5, which is detected by the tilt information detection means 43;and generates a process rate switching signal by a process ratejudgement means 15 on the basis of tilt judgement information as theresult of judgement by the tilt judgement means 44.

For example, the process rate switching means 14 may be realized as onewhich selects a channel rate process data demodulation means 13 a whenthe tilt judgement means 44 judges that quality deterioration inreproduction signal caused by tilt is large, and selects a half rateprocess data demodulation means 13 b when the tilt judgement means 44judges that quality deterioration in reproduction signal caused by tiltis small.

The partial response equalization signal outputted by a series ofoperations as described above is inputted to a half rate process maximumlikelihood decoder 17 for performing decoding according to the type ofpartial response, whereby data demodulation is performed. Here, the halfrate process maximum likelihood decoder 17 may be realized by, forexample, a viterbi decoder for performing a demodulation process byemploying the frequency half as high as the channel bit frequency, asdescribed for the first embodiment.

Here, a channel rate process data demodulation means 13 a may berealized so that the process rate switching means 14 generates a processrate switching signal to perform a data demodulation process by mainlyemploying the channel bit frequency, and in the phase locked loop means13, the channel rate process offset detection means 18 in the processrate variable type offset correction means 4, and the channel rateprocess phase error detection means 8 are selected, and the process ratevariable type transversal filter 5 operates on the basis of the channelbit frequency, and an output signal therefrom passes through the datainterpolation means 7 and is subjected to digital data demodulation bythe half rate process maximum likelihood decoder 17.

Further, a half rate process data demodulation means 13 b may berealized so that the process rate switching means 14 generates a processrate switching signal to perform a data demodulation process byemploying the frequency half as high as the channel bit frequency, andin the phase locked loop means 13, the half rate process offsetdetection means 19 in the process rate variable type offset correctionmeans 4, as well as the half rate process phase error detection means 9are selected, and the process rate variable type transversal filter 5operates on the basis of the frequency half as high as the channel bitfrequency, and an output signal therefrom passes through the datainterpolation means 7 and is subjected to digital data demodulation bythe half rate process maximum likelihood decoder 17.

By a series of measures as described above, which make full use of thecharacteristics of the 8-16 modulation code or the like to switch aprocess rate for the PRML signal process by the process rate switchingmeans 14 according to quality deterioration in reproduction signal whichis caused by tilt, the quality of the demodulation data is maintained ina favorable state even when the quality of a reproduction signal isdeteriorated dependently on a tilt.

For example, the tilt information detection means 43 and the tiltjudgement means 44 described for the third embodiment may judge qualitydeterioration in the reproduction signal which is caused by tilt,according to a principle as shown in FIG. 19.

FIG. 19 illustrates a filter coefficient after adaptive equalizationlearning at each tap of the process rate variable type transversalfilter 5, which is outputted from the filter coefficient learning means6.

Here, among filter coefficients from S1 to S7 shown in FIG. 6, absolutevalues of filter coefficients are compared between S1 and S7, S2 and S6,and S3 and S5, which respectively exist at symmetric positions withrespect to S4 as a filter coefficient of the center tap, and when acondition that ratios therebetween differ by more than a predeterminedvalue is met, the tilt judgement means 44 judges that qualitydeterioration in reproduction signal which is caused by tilt is large.For example, in FIG. 19, when S2 is a filter coefficient “P” and S6 is afilter coefficient “Q”, a ratio between an absolute value of “P” andthat of “Q” is more than twofold, and thus it is apparent that a phaserelationship in a reproduction signal band is abnormal. Therefore, thetilt judgement means 44 judges that quality deterioration inreproduction signal is large.

By employing the process rate switching means 14 as described above, adata demodulation process rate can be controlled according to a degreeof quality deterioration in the reproduction signal caused by a tiltand, thus, a data demodulation process employing the channel bitfrequency is performed only in case of necessity, whereby powerconsumption is reduced and a stable system can be realized.

As described above, according to the third embodiment, a function ofswitching between a channel rate process and a half rate process by asampling rate variable process is provided, and the channel rate processis selected when it is judged that a tilt angle is large, and the halfrate process is performed when it is judged that a tilt angle is small,whereby reproduction is performed without reducing a reading performanceeven when a reproduction waveform is deteriorated by tilt, while powerconsumption is suppressed.

Further, a coefficient of a transversal filter (FIR filter) is learnedby a LMS (Least Mean Square method), and it is judged that a tilt angleis large when a deviation in the coefficient of a side tap is large,while it is judged that a tilt angle is small when a deviation incoefficient of a side tap is small, whereby the magnitude of the tiltangle can be judged by employing a reproduction signal of an opticaldisk itself, and thus an increase in scale of a circuit that is requiredfor the judgement of a tilt angle can be suppressed.

Embodiment 4

An optical disk reproducing device according to a fourth embodimentperforms switching of a data demodulation process rate according to thevolume of jitter amount of a reproduction signal of an optical recordingmedium.

Hereinafter, the optical disk reproducing device according to the fourthembodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 9( b) and 20and 21.

In FIG. 20, an output amplitude of an optical disk reproduction signalwhich is reproduced from an optical recording medium 50 by areproduction means 51 is emphasized by a preamplifier 1, and thereafterthe optical disk reproduction signal is corrected by a waveformequalization means 2 so that a high frequency band thereof isemphasized. The waveform equalization means 2 comprises a filter whichenables a boost amount and a cutoff frequency to be set arbitrarily.This waveform equalization means 2 may be realized by, for example, ahigh-order ripple filter or the like, which has frequencycharacteristics as shown as a solid line in FIG. 2.

Next, an output signal from the waveform equalization means 2 is sampledinto a multi-bit digital signal by an analog/digital converter 3 whichis a means for converting an analog signal into a digital signal. Theanalog/digital converter 3 performs sampling by employing a reproductionclock which is generated by a clock generation means 12. At this time,in cases where a code of digital data to be demodulated is one in whichthe minimum run-length is limited to “2”, like, for example, an 8-16modulation code employed for a DVD, and MTF characteristics as opticalreproduction characteristics are distributed in a band which is almost aquarter or less of a channel bit frequency as shown in FIG. 3, digitaldata can be demodulated theoretically according to a sampling theorem,even when sampling is performed by the analog/digital converter 3 byemploying a reproduction clock which has a frequency component half ashigh as the channel bit frequency.

By utilizing this, the present invention enables the selection between acase where a reproduction clock is generated on the basis of the samefrequency as the channel bit frequency, and a case where a reproductionclock is generated on the basis of frequency which is half as high asthe channel bit frequency. This sampled multi-bit digital signal isinputted to a process rate variable type offset correction means 4,thereby correcting an offset component included in the reproductiondigital signal.

For example, the process rate variable type offset correction means 4may be realized as one which has the construction as described for thefirst embodiment in FIG. 4.

Next, an output signal from the process rate variable type offsetcorrection means 4 is inputted to a process rate variable typetransversal filter 5 to be subjected to partial response equalization.Here, partial response equalization employs a PR (a, b, b, a) system inwhich, for example, a reproduction signal of a DVD has its waveformamplitude after equalization divided into five values as shown in FIG.5( c). Black circles “●” and white circles “◯” in FIGS. 5( b) and (c)indicate data sampled by a reproduction clock. When sampling isperformed by employing a clock which is generated on the basis of thechannel bit frequency, the signal comprises both sampled data “●” and“◯”. On the other hand, when sampling is performed by employing a clockwhich is generated on the basis of the frequency half as high as thechannel bit frequency, the signal comprises either one sampled data “●”or “◯”.

Conventionally, in a lead channel employed for optical diskreproduction, a waveform-equalized output signal as shown in FIG. 5( a)is subjected to binarization judgement with the center level thereof asa slice level, whereby digital demodulation data is performed. Further,sampling is performed at prescribed sections as shown in FIG. 5( b), anda sampled multi-bit digital signal is subjected to binarizationjudgement with the center level thereof as a slice level.

On the other hand, according to the PR (a, b, b, a) system, a signal inwhich sampling data of four different times are added at a rate a:b:b:a(a+b*D+b*D2+a*D4) is generated, and characteristics corresponding to alow-pass filter as shown in FIG. 3 are added to a reproduction signal.

It is thought that a partial response system that has frequencycharacteristics nearer to the MTF characteristics shown in FIG. 3 is amore favorable system. In addition to the systems shown in FIG. 3including the PR (a, b, b, a) system, there exist various types ofpartial response systems. It is not restricted to a filter of specificsystem, and filters of other types may be also employed as long as theyachieve desired equalization performance. A partial response systemwhich adds correlation in the direction of time of reproduction data,and a viterbi decoder, as one of after-mentioned maximum likelihooddecoding methods, which estimates the most likely series by utilizingthe added data correlation are used together, whereby the PRML signalprocess which is supposed to be advantageous in high-densityrecording/reproduction in the linear recording direction is realized.

As described above, since various PRML signal process systems existaccording to characteristics of reproduction waveform or modulationcode, an appropriate system should be selected for arecording/reproduction system of each kind. A process rate variable typetransversal filter 5 may be realized by, for example, an FIR filterwhich comprises finite taps. Equalization characteristics obtained bythe FIR filter are achieved by varying a filter coefficient.

For example, the FIR filter may be realized as one as described for thefirst embodiment in FIG. 6.

The filter coefficients S1 to S7 of the FIR filter are set by a filtercoefficient learning means 6 that utilizes an LMS algorithm foradaptively performing control so that an equalization error existing ina partial response equalization output signal outputted from the processrate variable type transversal filter 5 has a minimum value.

For example, the filter coefficient learning means 6 may be realized asone which has the construction as described for the first embodiment inFIG. 7. The output signal from the FIR filter comprises both blackcircles “●” and white circles “◯” in FIG. 5( c) when the signal isprocessed by employing the channel bit frequency, and comprises eitherblack circles “●” or white circles “◯” in FIG. 5( c) when the signal isprocessed by employing the frequency half as high as the channel bitfrequency. Accordingly, with respect to an output signal which issubjected to partial response equalization by employing the frequencyhalf as high as the channel bit frequency, intermediate data lacking atsampling is interpolated by a data interpolation means 7. The datainterpolation means 7 may be realized as, for example, a filter havingNyquist characteristics that is described for the first embodiment inFIG. 8. In this case, filter coefficients as indicated by white circles“◯” in FIG. 8 which are placed at intervals of twice as long cycle as achannel bit cycle are applied, whereby lacking data can be restored byNyquist interpolation.

When a reproduction clock is generated by the process rate switchingmeans 14 on the basis of the channel bit frequency, a phase error isdetected from an output signal generated from the analog/digitalconverter 3 and the process rate variable type offset correction means4, by the channel rate process phase error detection means 8. When areproduction clock is generated by the process rate switching means 14on the basis of the frequency half as high as the channel bit frequency,a phase error is detected by the half rate process phase error detectionmeans 9.

Either one of phase error signals detected by the channel rate processphase error detection means 8 and the half rate process phase errordetection means 9 is selected by the phase error selection means 10according to a process rate switching signal, and thereafter, theselected phase error signal passes through the loop filter 11 forsmoothing the phase error signal, and the clock generation means 12 iscontrolled so that the phase of the reproduction clock is synchronizedwith the phase of a clock component of the reproduction signal, on thebasis of the output signal from the loop filter 11.

There is provided a phase locked loop means 13 which performs samplingof a reproduction waveform with the analog/digital converter 3 byemploying the reproduction clock generated through the path that startsat the analog/digital converter 3 and ends at the clock generation means12, whereby a multi-bit sampling signal which is synchronized with thephase of the clock component of the reproduction signal is generated. Inthis way, the PRML signal process is realized.

The phase locked loop means 13 may be realized as one which makes thephase of the clock component of the reproduction data synchronized withthe phase of the reproduction clock on the basis of a principle asdescribed for the first embodiment in FIGS. 9( a) and (b).

The process rate switching signal which is supplied to theabove-described respective blocks is generated by the process rateswitching means 14. Here, for example, the process rate switching means14 may be realized as one which has a jitter information detection means43 for averaging absolute values of phase error information in apredetermined period, to detect a jitter amount as an index relating toa phase deviation which is generated when digital data is recorded on arecording medium, with the phase error information outputted from aphase error selection means 10 being an input signal; judges by a jitterjudgement means 46 that jitter is large when the jitter informationoutputted from the jitter information detection means 43 is equal to orlarger than a prescribed threshold value, and judges that jitter issmall when the jitter information is equal to or smaller than thethreshold value; and generates a process rate switching signal by aprocess rate judgement means 15 on the basis of jitter judgementinformation as the result of the judgement by the jitter judgement means46.

For example, the process rate switching means 14 may be realized as onewhich selects a channel rate process data demodulation means 13 a whenit is judged that jitter is large, and selects a half rate process datademodulation means 13 b when it is judged that jitter is small.

The partial response equalization signal outputted by a series ofoperations as described above passes through a half rate process maximumlikelihood decoder 17 for performing decoding according to the type ofpartial response, whereby data demodulation is performed. Here, the halfrate process maximum likelihood decoder 17 may be realized by, forexample, a viterbi decoder for performing a demodulation process byemploying the frequency half as high as the channel bit frequency, asdescribed for the first embodiment.

Here, a channel rate process data demodulation means 13 a may berealized so that the process rate switching means 14 generates a processrate switching signal to perform a data demodulation process by mainlyemploying the channel bit frequency, and in the phase locked loop means13, the channel rate process offset detection means 18 in the processrate variable type offset correction means 4, and the channel rateprocess phase error detection means 8 are selected, and the process ratevariable type transversal filter 5 operates on the basis of the channelbit frequency, and an output signal therefrom passes through the datainterpolation means 7 and is subjected to digital data demodulation bythe half rate process maximum likelihood decoder 17. Further, a halfrate process data demodulation means 13 b may be realized so that theprocess rate switching means 14 generates a process rate switchingsignal to perform a data demodulation process by employing the frequencyhalf as high as the channel bit frequency, and in the phase locked loopmeans 13, the half rate process offset detection means 19 in the processrate variable type offset correction means 4, as well as the half rateprocess phase error detection means 9 are selected, and the process ratevariable type transversal filter 5 operates on the basis of thefrequency half as high as the channel bit frequency, and an outputsignal therefrom passes through the data interpolation means 7 and issubjected to digital data demodulation by the half rate process maximumlikelihood decoder 17.

By a series of measures as described above, which make full use of thecharacteristics of the 8-16 modulation code or the like to switch aprocess rate for the PRML signal process by the process rate switchingmeans 14 according to a jitter amount included in a reproduction signal,the quality of the demodulation data is maintained in a favorable stateeven when the quality of the reproduction signal is deteriorated due tolarge jitter.

Further, for example, the process rate switching means 14 as describedfor the fourth embodiment may be as shown in FIG. 21. Since the phaseerror information depends on an amplitude of a reproduction signal, itis possible that the phase error information is not detected accuratelywhen the amplitude of the reproduction signal varies. Then, as shown inFIG. 21, the process rate switching means 14 has a jitter informationdetection means 45 for averaging absolute values of the phase errorinformation in a prescribed period, with the phase error informationoutputted from the phase error selection means 10 being an input signal,and divides the output signal from the jitter information detectionmeans 45 by amplitude information outputted from an amplitude detectionmeans 33, by a division means 47 which receives the amplitudeinformation outputted from the amplitude detection means 33 as an inputsignal, so as to take into account dependence of the jitter informationupon an amplitude value in a reproduction waveform. Next, the jitterjudgement means 46 judges that jitter is large when the jitterinformation outputted from the division means 47 is equal to or largerthan a prescribed threshold value, judges that jitter is small when thejitter information is equal to or smaller than the threshold value, andthe process rate judgement means 15 generates a process rate switchingsignal on the basis of jitter judgement information as the result of thejudgement by the jitter judgement means 46.

By employing the process rate switching means 14 as described above, thejitter information can be judged accurately independently of theamplitude of a reproduction signal, whereby power consumption can bereduced while the quality of the demodulation data is maintained in afavorable state.

As described above, according to the fourth embodiment, a function ofswitching between a channel rate process and a half rate process by asampling rate variable process is provided, and the channel rate processwhich puts priority on a reading performance is selected when the jitterjudgement means judges that a jitter amount is large, while the halfrate process which is advantageous in terms of power consumption isselected when the jitter judgement means judges that a jitter amount issmall, whereby a stable reading operation is performed even when an S/Nratio is deteriorated, and power consumption is suppressed.

Embodiment 5

An optical disk reproducing device according to a fifth embodimentinitially selects a process that employs a half rate as a datademodulation process rate in favor of reduced power consumption, andswitches the half rate process to a channel rate processing at a retrialprocess when reading cannot be performed by the half rate process.

Hereinafter, the optical disk reproducing device according to the fifthembodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 9( b) and 22to 26.

In FIG. 22, an output amplitude of an optical disk reproduction signalwhich is reproduced from an optical recording medium 50 by areproduction means 51 is emphasized by a preamplifier 1, and thereafterthe optical disk reproduction signal is corrected by a waveformequalization means 2 so that a high frequency band thereof isemphasized. The waveform equalization means 2 comprises a filter whichenables a boost amount and a cutoff frequency to be set arbitrarily.This waveform equalization means 2 may be, for example, a high-orderripple filter or the like, which has frequency characteristics as shownas a solid line in FIG. 2.

Next, an output signal from the waveform equalization means 2 is sampledinto a multi-bit digital signal by an analog/digital converter 3 whichis a means for converting an analog signal into a digital signal. Theanalog/digital converter 3 performs sampling by employing a reproductionclock which is generated by a clock generation means 12. At this time,in cases where a code of digital data to be demodulated is one in whichthe minimum run-length is limited to “2”, like, for example, an 8-16modulation code employed for a DVD, and MTF characteristics as opticalreproduction characteristics are distributed in a band which is almost aquarter or less of a channel bit frequency as shown in FIG. 3, digitaldata can be demodulated theoretically according to a sampling theorem,even when sampling is performed by the analog/digital converter 3 byemploying a reproduction clock which has a frequency component half ashigh as the channel bit frequency.

By utilizing this, the present invention enables the selection between acase where a reproduction clock is generated on the basis of the channelbit frequency, and a case where a reproduction clock is generated on thebasis of frequency which is half as high as the channel bit frequency.This sampled multi-bit digital signal is inputted to a process ratevariable type offset correction means 4, thereby correcting an offsetcomponent included in the reproduction digital signal.

For example, the process rate variable type offset correction means 4may be realized as one which has the construction as described for thefirst embodiment in FIG. 4.

Next, an output signal from the process rate variable type offsetcorrection means 4 is inputted to a process rate variable typetransversal filter 5 to be subjected to partial response equalization.Here, partial response equalization employs a PR (a, b, b, a) system inwhich, for example, a reproduction signal of a DVD has its waveformamplitude after equalization divided into five values as shown in FIG.5( c). Black circles “●” and white circles “◯” in FIGS. 5( b) and (c)indicate data sampled by a reproduction clock. When sampling isperformed by employing a clock which is generated on the basis of thechannel bit frequency, the signal comprises both sampled data “●” and“◯”. On the other hand, when sampling is performed by employing a clockwhich is generated on the basis of the frequency half as high as thechannel bit frequency, the signal comprises either one sampled data “●”or “◯”.

Conventionally, in a lead channel employed for optical diskreproduction, a waveform-equalized output signal as shown in FIG. 5( a)is subjected to binarization judgement with the center level thereof asa slice level, whereby digital data demodulation is performed. Further,sampling is performed at prescribed sections as shown in FIG. 5( b), anda sampled multi-bit digital signal is subjected to binarizationjudgement with the center level thereof as a slice level.

On the other hand, according to the PR (a, b, b, a) system, a signal inwhich sampling data of four different times are added at a rate a:b:b:a(a+b*D+b*D2+a*D4) is generated, and characteristics corresponding to alow-pass filter as shown in FIG. 3 are added to-a reproduction signal.

It is thought that a partial response system that has frequencycharacteristics nearer to the MTF characteristics shown in FIG. 3 is amore favorable system. In addition to the systems shown in FIG. 3including the PR (a, b, b, a) system, there exist various types ofpartial response systems. It is not restricted to a filter of specificsystem, and filters of other types may be also employed as long as theyachieve desired equalization performance. A partial response systemwhich adds correlation in the direction of time of reproduction data,and a viterbi decoder, as one of after-mentioned maximum likelihooddecoding methods, which estimates the most likely series by utilizingthe added data correlation are used together, whereby the PRML signalprocess which is supposed to be advantageous in high-densityrecording/reproduction in the linear recording direction is realized.

As described above, since various PRML signal process systems existaccording to characteristics of reproduction waveform or modulationcode, an appropriate system should be selected for arecording/reproduction system of each kind. A process rate variable typetransversal filter 5 may be, for example, an FIR filter which comprisesfinite taps. Equalization characteristics obtained by the FIR filter isachieved by varying a filter coefficient.

For example, the FIR filter may be realized as one as described for thefirst embodiment in FIG. 6.

The filter coefficients S1 to S7 of the FIR filter are set by a filtercoefficient learning means 6 that utilizes an LMS algorithm foradaptively performing control so that an equalization error existing ina partial response equalization output signal outputted from the processrate variable type transversal filter 5 has a minimum value.

For example, the filter coefficient learning means 6 may have theconstruction as described for the first embodiment in FIG. 7.

The output signal from the FIR filter comprises both black circles “●”and white circles “◯” in FIG. 5( c) when the signal is processed byemploying the channel bit frequency, and comprises either black circles“●” or white circles “◯” in FIG. 5( c) when the signal is processed byemploying the frequency half as high as the channel bit frequency.Accordingly, with respect to an output signal which is subjected topartial response equalization by employing the frequency half as high asthe channel bit frequency, intermediate data lacking at sampling isinterpolated by a data interpolation means 7. The data interpolationmeans 7 may be realized by, for example, a filter having Nyquistcharacteristics that is described for the first embodiment in FIG. 8. Inthis case, filter coefficients as indicated by white circles “◯” in FIG.8 which are placed at intervals of twice as long cycle as a channel bitcycle are applied, whereby lacking data can be restored by Nyquistinterpolation.

When a reproduction clock is generated by the process rate switchingmeans 14 on the basis of the channel bit frequency, a phase error isdetected from an output signal generated from the analog/digitalconverter 3 and the process rate variable type offset correction means4, by the channel rate process phase error detection means 8. When areproduction clock is generated by the process rate switching means 14on the basis of the frequency half as high as the channel bit frequency,a phase error is detected by the half rate process phase error detectionmeans 9.

Either one of phase error signals detected by the channel rate processphase error detection means 8 and the half rate process phase errordetection means 9 is selected by the phase error selection means 10according to a process rate switching signal, and thereafter theselected phase error signal is outputted to the clock generation means12 through the loop filter 11 for smoothing the phase error signal, andthe clock generation means 12 is controlled so that phase of thereproduction clock is synchronized with phase of a clock component ofthe reproduction signal, on the basis of the output signal from the loopfilter 11.

There is provided a phase locked loop means 13 which performs samplingof a reproduction waveform with the analog/digital converter 3 byemploying the reproduction clock generated through the path that startsat the analog/digital converter 3 and ends at the clock generation means12, whereby a multi-bit sampling signal which is synchronized with thephase of the clock component of the reproduction signal is generated. Inthis way, the PRML signal process is realized.

The phase locked loop means 13 may be realized as one which makes thephase of the clock component of the reproduction data synchronized withthe phase of the reproduction clock on the basis of a principle asdescribed for the first embodiment in FIGS. 9( a) and 9(b).

The process rate switching signal which is supplied to theabove-described respective blocks is generated by the process rateswitching means 14. Here, for example, the process rate switching means14 may be realized as one which has a retrial information detectionmeans 48 for detecting retrial process information which is generatedwhen a re-reading process is performed for a part where datademodulation has failed, and generates a process rate switching signalby a process rate judgement means 15 on the basis of the retrialinformation detected by the retrial information detection means 48. Theprocess rate switching means 14 may be realized as one which generates aprocess rate switching signal so that a half rate process datademodulation means 13 b is selected when the retrial informationdetection means 48 judges that there is no retrial process, and the halfrate process data demodulation means 13 b is switched to a channel rateprocess data demodulation means 13 a when the retrial informationdetection means 48 judges that there occurs a retrial process.

The partial response equalization signal outputted by a series ofoperations as described above is inputted to a half rate process maximumlikelihood decoder 17 for performing decoding according to the type ofpartial response, whereby data demodulation is performed. Here, the halfrate process maximum likelihood decoder 17 may be realized by, forexample, a viterbi decoder for performing a demodulation process byemploying the frequency half as high as the channel bit frequency, asdescribed for the first embodiment.

Here, a channel rate process data demodulation means 13 a may berealized so that the process rate switching means 14 generates a processrate switching signal to perform a data demodulation process by mainlyemploying the channel bit frequency, and in the phase locked loop means13, the channel rate process offset detection means 18 in the processrate variable type offset correction means 4, and the channel rateprocess phase error detection means 8 are selected, and the process ratevariable type transversal filter 5 operates on the basis of the channelbit frequency, and an output signal therefrom passes through the datainterpolation means 7 and is subjected to digital data demodulation bythe half rate process maximum likelihood decoder 17.

Further, a half rate process data demodulation means 13 b may berealized so that the process rate switching means 14 generates a processrate switching signal to perform a data demodulation process byemploying the frequency half as high as the channel bit frequency, andin the phase locked loop means 13, the half rate process offsetdetection means 19 in the process rate variable type offset correctionmeans 4, as well as the half rate process phase error detection means 9are selected, and the process rate variable type transversal filter 5operates on the basis of the frequency half as high as the channel bitfrequency, and an output signal therefrom passes through the datainterpolation means 7 and is subjected to digital data demodulation bythe half rate process maximum likelihood decoder 17.

By a series of measures as described above, which make full use of thecharacteristics of the 8-16 modulation code or the like to switch aprocess rate for the PRML signal process by the process rate switchingmeans 14 according to the presence or absence of retrial process, thequality of the demodulation data is maintained in a favorable state evenwhen quality deterioration in a reproduction signal is so notable that aretrial process occurs.

Further, for example, the process rate switching means 14 as describedfor the fifth embodiment may be realized as shown in FIG. 23. Forexample, the process rate switching means 14 may be realized as onewhich has the retrial information detection means 48 for detectingretrial process information which is generated when a re-reading processis performed for a part where data demodulation has failed, generates aprocess rate switching signal by the process rate judgement means 15 onthe basis of the retrial information detected by the retrial informationdetection means 48, and further has a retrial position storage means 49for storing a position where a retrial process is detected by theretrial information detection means 48 occurs, and, when datademodulation is performed again for a position where reproduction hasbeen performed once, refers to the retrial information stored in theretrial position storage means 49, to generate a process rate switchingsignal so that the channel rate process data demodulation means 13 a isselected in advance for a part where a retrial process has beenperformed at least once.

By employing the process rate switching means 14 as described above, adata demodulation process rate can be switched in advance for a partwhere a retrial process has been performed at least once, whereby theaccuracy of data demodulation at second or subsequent times is increasedand a reading performance is stabilized.

Further, for example, the process rate switching means 14 as describedfor the fifth embodiment may be controlled according to the flow asshown in a flowchart in FIG. 24.

Initially, at control start (process 101), the half rate process datademodulation means 13 b for performing a data demodulation process byemploying the frequency half as high as the channel bit frequency isselected (process 102). Next, the retrial information detection means 48judges the presence or absence of retrial process (process 107), and thehalf rate process data demodulation means 13 b continues as it is whenthe retrial information detection means 48 judges that there is noretrial process, while the half rate process data demodulation means 13b is switched to the channel rata process data demodulation means 13 athat mainly employs the channel bit frequency to perform a datademodulation process, when the retrial information detection means 48judges that a retrial process occurs (process 104). Thereafter, theretrial information detection means 48 judges whether a retrial processoccurs in a prescribed section or not (process 108), and a process rateswitching signal is controlled so that the channel rate process datademodulation means 13 a is continued when the retrial informationdetection means 48 judges that a retrial process occurs, and the halfrate process data demodulation means 13 b is resumed when the retrialinformation detection means 48 judges that no retrial process occurs(process 102), and this process is repeated until control end (process106).

By employing the process rate switching means 14 as described above, adata demodulation process rate is not frequently changed, and thus it ispossible to realize a stable system which gives priority over thequality of the demodulation data for a part where the data demodulationis difficult.

Furthermore, for example, the process rate switching means 14 asdescribed for the fifth embodiment may be controlled according to theflow as shown in a flowchart in FIG. 25.

Initially, at control start (process 101), the half rate process datademodulation means 13 b for performing a data demodulation process byemploying the frequency half as high as the channel bit frequency, andthe highest reproduction multiple speed of the optical disk reproducingdevice are selected (process 109). Next, the retrial informationdetection means 48 judges the presence or absence of retrial process(process 107), and the half rate process data demodulation means 13 bcontinues as it is when the retrial information detection means 48judges that there is no retrial process, while the half rate processdata demodulation means 13 b is switched to the channel rata processdata demodulation means 13 a that mainly employs the channel bitfrequency to perform a data demodulation process in a state where thehighest reproduction multiple speed is maintained, when the retrialinformation detection means 48 judges that a retrial process occurs(process 110). Thereafter, a retrial process is repeated for prescribednumber of times, N, (“N” is a positive integer) until data demodulationis performed (process 111), and when data demodulation is performed, theretrial information detection means 48 judges whether a retrial processoccurs in a prescribed section or not (process 108), and the channelrate process data demodulation means 13 a is continued when the retrialinformation detection means 48 judges that a retrial process occurs,while the half rate process data demodulation means 13 b is resumed atthe highest reproduction multiple speed when the retrial informationdetection means 48 judges that no retrial process occurs (process 109).

On the other hand, when data demodulation cannot be performed even afterN times of repeated retrial process, a reproduction multiple speed isreduced by a reproduction multiple speed varying means (process 112).Thereafter, at a time when data demodulation is performed, the retrialinformation detection means 48 judges whether a retrial process occursin a prescribed section or not (process 108), a process rate switchingsignal is controlled so that the channel rate process data demodulationmeans 13 a is continued in a state where the reproduction multiple speedis reduced, when the retrial information detection means 48 judges thata retrial process occurs, and the reproduction multiple speed isreturned to the highest reproduction multiple speed in a state where thechannel rate process data demodulation means 13 a is continued, when theretrial information detection means 48 judges that no retrial processoccurs (process 110), and this process is repeated until control end(process 106). When data demodulation cannot be performed even afterrepeated retrial process, the reproduction multiple speed may be reducedto the lowest reproduction multiple speed of the optical diskreproducing device by the reproduction multiple speed varying means.

By employing the process rate switching means 14 as described above, thedata demodulation process rate can be switched so as to give priorityover the quality of the demodulation data for a part where the datademodulation is difficult, whereby the number of times of the retrialprocess is reduced, and a normal reproduction state can be restoredquickly.

Moreover, for example, the process rate switching means 14 described forthe fifth embodiment may be controlled according to the flow as shown ina flowchart in FIG. 26. Initially, at control start (process 101), thehalf rate process data demodulation means 13 b for performing a datademodulation process by employing the frequency half as high as thechannel bit frequency, and the highest reproduction multiple speed ofthe optical disk reproducing device are selected (process 109). Next,the retrial information detection means 48 judges the presence orabsence of retrial process (process 107), and the half rate process datademodulation means 13 b continues as it is when the retrial informationdetection means 48 judges that there is no retrial process, while areproduction multiple speed is reduced by the reproduction multiplespeed varying means in a state where the half rate process datademodulation means 13 b is continued, when the retrial informationdetection means 48 judges that a retrial process occurs (process 113).Thereafter, a retrial process is repeated for prescribed number oftimes, N, (“N” is a positive integer) until data demodulation isperformed (process 111), and when data demodulation is performed, theretrial information detection means 48 judges whether a retrial processoccurs in a prescribed section or not (process 108), and the half rateprocess data demodulation means 13 b is continued in a state where thereproduction multiple speed is reduced, when the retrial informationdetection means 48 judges that a retrial process occurs, while thereproduction multiple speed is returned to the highest reproductionmultiple speed by the reproduction multiple speed varying means in astate where the half rate process data demodulation means 13 b iscontinued, when the retrial information detection means 48 judges thatno retrial process occurs (process 109). On the other hand, when datademodulation cannot be performed even after N times of repeated retrialprocess, the channel rate process data demodulation means 13 a isselected in a state where the reproduction multiple speed is reduced(process 114). Thereafter, at a time when data demodulation isperformed, the retrial information detection means 48 judged whether aretrial process occurs in a prescribed section or not (process 108), aprocess rate switching signal is controlled so that the channel rateprocess data demodulation means 13 a continues in a state where thereproduction multiple speed is reduced, when the retrial informationdetection means 48 judges that a retrial process occurs, and the halfrate process data demodulation means 13 b is resumed in a state wherethe reproduction multiple speed is reduced, when the retrial informationdetection means 48 judges that no retrial process occurs (process 113),and this process is repeated until control end (process 106). When datademodulation cannot be performed even after repeated retrial process,the reproduction multiple speed may be reduced to the lowestreproduction multiple speed of the optical disk reproducing device bythe reproduction multiple speed varying means.

By employing the process rate switching means 14 as described above, thedata demodulation process rate can be switched so as to give priorityover reduction of power consumption with respect to a part where datademodulation is difficult, whereby the power consumption for the entireretrial process can be reduced.

As described above, according to the fifth embodiment, a function ofswitching between a channel rate process and a half rate process by asampling rate variable process is provided, and the half rate processwhich is advantageous in terms of power consumption is initiallyselected, and the half rate process is unconditionally switched to thechannel rate process at retrial process when reading cannot be performedby the half rate process, thereby increasing the possibility that datawhich cannot be reproduced by the half rate process can be reproduced,resulting in an increase in a reading performance with suppressed powerconsumption.

While in the above-described first to fifth embodiments the descriptionshave been given taking cases where the recording media are optical disksas examples, the embodiments are applicable to a reproducing device or arecording/reproducing device which employs other recording media such asa magnetic recording medium, whereby the same effect as achieved by therespective embodiments can be obtained.

APPLICABILITY IN INDUSTRY

As described above, an optical disk reproducing device according to thepresent invention is suited to be employed for a part where phasesynchronization is performed after waveform equalization of an opticaldisk reproduction signal in a reproduction system for reproducingdigital data which is recorded on an optical disk, so as to reduce powerconsumption while maintaining a quality of reproduced digital data and areading performance.

1. An optical disk reproducing device comprising: a channel rate processdata demodulation part operable to demodulate digital data from anoptical recording medium on which the data is digitally recorded in aform of recording codes having a restriction that at least threecontinuous bits have a same value, by employing a channel bit frequency;a half rate process data demodulation part operable to demodulate thedigital data from the optical recording medium by employing a frequencythat is half of the channel bit frequency; and a process rate switchingpart operable to switch between the channel rate process datademodulation part and the half rate process data demodulation part fordemodulating the digital data, thereby switching a process rate at datademodulation, wherein the process rate switching part has a jitterinformation detection part operable to detect jitter information as anindex relating to phase deviation which is generated when digital datais recorded on the optical recording medium, and the process rateswitching part is operable to generate a process rate switching signalso that the channel rate process data demodulation part is part isselected when it is judged from the jitter information obtained by thejitter information detection part that jitter in a reproduction signalis large, and the half rate process data demodulation part is selectedwhen it is judged that the jitter is small.
 2. The optical diskreproducing device as defined in claim 1, wherein the jitter informationdetection part is operable to receive averaged information which isobtained by averaging absolute values of phase error informationemployed in a channel rate process phase locked loop part and a halfrate process phase locked loop part, in a prescribed period, and judgethat the jitter is large when the averaged information is equal to orhigher than a precribed level, and judge that the jitter is small whenthe averaged information is equal to or lower than the prescribed level.3. The optical disk reproducing device as defined in claim 2, whereinthe jitter information detection part is operable to receive informationwhich is obtained by dividing the averaged information obtained byaveraging the absolute values of the phase error information in theprescribed period, by amplitude information averaged in the prescribedperiod, which is obtained by an amplitude detection part, inconsideration of a dependence of the jitter information upon anamplitude value in a reproduction waveform, judge that the jitter islarge when the jitter information is equal to or higher than aprescribed level, and judge that the jitter is small when the jitterinformation is equal to or lower that the prescribed level.
 4. Anoptical disk reproducing device comprising: a channel rate process datademodulation part operable to demodulate digital data from an opticalrecording medium on which the data is digitally recorded in a form ofrecording codes having a restriction that at least three continuous bitshave a same value, by employing a channel bit frequency; a half rateprocess data demodulation part operable to demodulate the digital datafrom the optical recording medium by employing a frequency that is halfof the channel bit frequency; and a process rate switching part operableto switch between the channel rate process data demodulation part andthe half rate process data demodulation part for demodulating thedigital data, thereby switching a process rate at data demodulation,wherein the process rate switching part is operable to generate aprocess rate switching signal so that: the half rate process datademodulation part is selected when in a favorable data demodulationstate; and the channel rate process data demodulation part is selectedwhen in a deteriorated data demodulation state, and wherein the processrate switching part has a jitter information detection part operable todetect jitter information as an index relating to phase deviation whichis generated when digital data is recorded on the optical recordingmedium, and the process rate switching part is operable to generate theprocess rate switching signal so that the channel rate process datademodulation part is selected when it is judged from the jitterinformation obtained by the jitter information detection part thatjitter in a reproduction signal is large, and the half rate process datademodulation part is selected when it is judged that the jitter issmall.
 5. The optical disk reproducing device as defined in claim 4,wherein the jitter information detection part is operable to receiveaveraged information which is obtained by averaging absolute values ofphase error information employed in a channel rate process phase lockedloop part and a half rate process phase locked loop part, in aprescribed period, and judge that the jitter is large when the averagedinformation is equal to or higher than a prescribed level, and judgethat the jitter is small when the averaged information is equal to orlower than the prescribed level.
 6. The optical disk reproducing deviceas defined in claim 5, wherein the jitter information detection part isoperable to receive information which is obtained by dividing theaveraged information obtained by averaging the absolute values of thephase error information in the prescribed period, by amplitudeinformation averaged in the prescribed period, which is obtained by anamplitude detection part, in consideration of a dependence of the jitterinformation upon an amplitude value in a reproduction waveform, judgethat the jitter is large when the jitter information is equal to orhigher than a prescribed level, and judge that the jitter is small whenthe jitter information is equal to or lower than the precribed level.